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A freelance artist is a contractor for hire in the field of art. He or she may work in any medium, but most freelancers work in graphic fields such as illustration, design, or photography. Freelance artists are not in the employ of a single company or organization, but hire their talents out to various clients. Many are self-employed, though some work with agencies or with a small group of regular clients. The field of freelance art can be both more challenging and more fulfilling than standard salaried jobs.

A freelance artist must be a highly self-motivated person, as he or she must effectively run a business as well as handle artistic tasks. Like all artists, freelancers must have innate talent backed by knowledge of popular artistic trends and styles. The freelance artist should have a highly flexible style that can be applied to a variety of assignments. Patience and people skills are also assets, as some clients may not know exactly what they want or may not be able to express their desires clearly.

The most important tool of the freelance artist is the portfolio. This is a collection of the artist’s best and most representative work, assembled in a professional package for potential clients to view. Traditionally, a portfolio was just that: a large case containing a variety of sample prints. In the 21st century, artists can use websites to display their portfolios and woo clients. They should keep traditional portfolios as well, however, as some clients will see this as a mark of true professionalism.

A freelance artist can work for publishers, animation studios, and similar companies. The work must conform to the client’s needs and is often deadline oriented. The freelance artist must therefore be able to produce consistent, quality artwork on demand. While the popular image of the artist is of an individualistic, temperamental person who waits for inspiration to strike, the freelancer must be able to overcome these tendencies or at least set them aside until the job is done.

Entry into any field of art is challenging, as there are many talented people with a yen for artistic expression and the freedom that goes with it. The struggling freelance artist may be forced to take a regular job, art-related or otherwise, to make ends meet until the income from freelance jobs is sufficient. The freelance art field can be daunting, but for many the rewards are well worth the struggle. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, roughly 60 percent of artists in the United States are self-employed.

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Discussion Comments

@whiteplane – In most cases you will have to go out and find your own work. That is why it is so important for any freelancer to have a good website which is simple, easy to navigate, and makes their work look fantastic.

Any prospective client should be able to go to your site, see exactly what you can do, get a sense for your rates and find out exactly how to contact you. This is the 21st century. Anyone who does not have a good website is just shooting themselves in the foot. whiteplane February 14, 2012

Where would I go to find freelance artists jobs? I cannot recall ever seeing one on Craigslist or one of the major job boards. Is this the kind of thing that ever actually gets posted or do most willing clients contact freelancers directly? Ivan83 February 13, 2012

I have been a freelance artists for about five years and in that time I’ve tried just about everything. I’ve done portraits, drawn murals, designed custom greeting cars and even did a series of paintings of a guy’s sports car.

If you are going to succeed you need two major skills, ability and flexibility. You have to be an amazing draftsman and fluent with a number of different materials. It is great if your specialty is oil pastels, but you have to be able to work on a larger scale than this if you hope to make money. Also, you have to be willing to take just about any job. Some of these might be truly asinine, but that is how you make money and you work for the client. You give them what they want, not what you think they should want.

Beyond that, cross your fingers and get out there and hustle. It’s not easy being a freelance artists. You have to make most of your opportunities for yourself.

Find The Best Freelance Artist Designer Jobs For You

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Freelance Artist Designer Careers

There is more than meets the eye when it comes to being a freelance artist designer. For example, did you know that they make an average of $24.01 an hour? That’s $49,946 a year!

Between 2018 and 2028, the career is expected to grow 3% and produce 8,800 job opportunities across the U.S.

What Does a Freelance Artist Designer Do

There are certain skills that many freelance artist designers have in order to accomplish their responsibilities. By taking a look through resumes, we were able to narrow down the most common skills for a person in this position. We discovered that a lot of resumes listed analytical skills, communication skills and computer skills.

When it comes to the most important skills required to be a freelance artist designer, we found that a lot of resumes listed 14.7% of freelance artist designers included web content, while 10.4% of resumes included photoshop, and 10.0% of resumes included graphic design. Hard skills like these are helpful to have when it comes to performing essential job responsibilities.

When it comes to searching for a job, many search for a key term or phrase. Instead, it might be more helpful to search by industry, as you might be missing jobs that you never thought about in industries that you didn’t even think offered positions related to the freelance artist designer job title. But what industry to start with? Most freelance artist designers actually find jobs in the retail and media industries.

How To Become a Freelance Artist Designer

If you’re interested in becoming a freelance artist designer, one of the first things to consider is how much education you need. We’ve determined that 63.3% of freelance artist designers have a bachelor’s degree. In terms of higher education levels, we found that 4.2% of freelance artist designers have master’s degrees. Even though most freelance artist designers have a college degree, it’s possible to become one with only a high school degree or GED.

Choosing the right major is always an important step when researching how to become a freelance artist designer. When we researched the most common majors for a freelance artist designer, we found that they most commonly earn bachelor’s degree degrees or associate degree degrees. Other degrees that we often see on freelance artist designer resumes include master’s degree degrees or high school diploma degrees.

You may find that experience in other jobs will help you become a freelance artist designer. In fact, many freelance artist designer jobs require experience in a role such as graphic designer. Meanwhile, many freelance artist designers also have previous career experience in roles such as graphic artist or internship.

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Related

• Career in Art Education Requirements
• In-Demand Careers That Use Art Skills
• How to Become a Colorist for Comics
• Qualities of a Cartoonist
• Careers With a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree

More than half of all artists have at least a bachelor’s degree, according to the National Endowment for the Arts, but the median income for artists is lower than that of workers in other fields with comparable education. One reason is that artists are less likely to enjoy full-time, year-round employment in their field. The majority of artists are freelancers.

Qualifications

Although it helps to have some formal arts education to develop your skills, college is only one path. You can also learn by apprenticing yourself to an experienced artist, taking workshops or attending non-credit classes. Artist Holli Conger has a BA in graphic design, but she says online that what helped her most when she decided to turn freelance were such things as a good critique group, studying other artists’ work and daily sketching practice.

Portfolio

Your artistic talent and skill matter more than your formal credentials, advises the National Association of Schools of Art and Design. A portfolio displaying your best work will impress clients more than a degree. After you’ve been working awhile, articles about your work and past commissions will also add to your marketability.

Ability

The Council of Arts Accrediting Associations offers an online description of basic artistic competency you can use to assess your professional potential. Skilled artists have a personal vision and the skill to capture it in their work. They understand the connection between the idea and the way to express it. They define and analyze problems they encounter in their works; make effective choices; evaluate their own work accurately; and take criticism from others. If you meet the council’s standards, you may be ready without further education.

Considerations

According to the NEA’s 2011 report, 27 percent of fine artists, art directors and animators — the report groups them together — with college degrees took their degree in fine arts. Some artistic specialties are more likely associated with degrees than others. Most medical illustrators have a master’s degree in medical illustration, for instance. As you face all the standard challenges of a self-employed professional — tracking income and expenses, paying taxes, marketing yourself — studying basic business skills may be a career asset.

Table of Contents

• What Do Freelance Artists Do?
• What Are Different Kinds of Freelance Artists?
• In Which Industries Do Freelance Artists Work?
• How Do You Find Freelance Artist Jobs?

What Do Freelance Artists Do?

Freelance artists craft pieces of art from different mediums, depending on their specialty. These artists are independent contractors and may create works to sell on their own, or they may be commissioned by someone to produce something specific. As a freelance artist, you use your talents to develop an artistic style that is unique to you. You may focus on one type of medium, or you may experiment with multiple forms of art. Freelance painters may choose to use oils, watercolors, pastels, or a combination of paints for their pieces. Sculpting by hand or on a wheel uses clay in different ways to make pottery, sculptures, and other clay-based works. Sketch artists may use charcoal, pencil, chalk, or other writing utensils to draw realistic or abstract images. Photographers and actors are also considered artists. Freelance photographers are hired to take pictures of people, things, or events, while freelance actors perform in shows but are not on the staff of a particular theater or performing arts company.

What Are Different Kinds of Freelance Artists?

There are many different kinds of freelance artists. They each develop their own unique style and perspective to their works and are hired as independent contractors. Painters may use oils, acrylic, watercolors, or other materials to portray realistic or abstract items or scenes. They may paint on canvas or on any surface that can absorb paint, such as a wall or even a vehicle. Illustrators bring words to life in their images. They may provide pictures for books or create images for marketing campaigns or other business communication. Other types of freelance arts include photographers, calligraphers, graphic designers, and printmakers.

In Which Industries Do Freelance Artists Work?

Many different industries utilize freelance artists. Some examples of where you find freelance artists include secondary and postsecondary education, marketing and public relations agencies, entertainment, manufacturing corporations, and interior design firms. Each industry makes use of an artist’s talents in different ways that are unique to the company’s needs. For example, marketing campaigns rely on an artist’s eye to create eye-catching displays and to determine what looks good in print; interior designers need to have an artistic disposition to put together patterns, textures, and colors in interesting combinations that look good together; and the entertainment industry uses freelance artists to produce the visuals they need to promote their latest film release.

How Do You Find Freelance Artist Jobs?

Many artists who want to get paid for their work start out as freelance artists. There are no formal education requirements, but employers in some industries may prefer candidates with an associate or bachelor’s degree in a related field. Cultivate your craft and develop skills that are unique and make you stand out from other artists in the field. Before seeking work, you must build a substantial portfolio by creating a variety of works that showcase your talent. Becoming proficient in different mediums shows your range of ability. Publication artists, such as graphic designers and illustrators, should network with different companies that utilize freelance artists to find job opportunities. For those who create decorative art, pursue relationships with art galleries and other organizations that showcase artwork from local artists to find venues to display your work and gain attention from potential clients.

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Related

• Career in Art Education Requirements
• In-Demand Careers That Use Art Skills
• How to Become a Colorist for Comics
• Qualities of a Cartoonist
• Careers With a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree

More than half of all artists have at least a bachelor’s degree, according to the National Endowment for the Arts, but the median income for artists is lower than that of workers in other fields with comparable education. One reason is that artists are less likely to enjoy full-time, year-round employment in their field. The majority of artists are freelancers.

Qualifications

Although it helps to have some formal arts education to develop your skills, college is only one path. You can also learn by apprenticing yourself to an experienced artist, taking workshops or attending non-credit classes. Artist Holli Conger has a BA in graphic design, but she says online that what helped her most when she decided to turn freelance were such things as a good critique group, studying other artists’ work and daily sketching practice.

Portfolio

Your artistic talent and skill matter more than your formal credentials, advises the National Association of Schools of Art and Design. A portfolio displaying your best work will impress clients more than a degree. After you’ve been working awhile, articles about your work and past commissions will also add to your marketability.

Ability

The Council of Arts Accrediting Associations offers an online description of basic artistic competency you can use to assess your professional potential. Skilled artists have a personal vision and the skill to capture it in their work. They understand the connection between the idea and the way to express it. They define and analyze problems they encounter in their works; make effective choices; evaluate their own work accurately; and take criticism from others. If you meet the council’s standards, you may be ready without further education.

Considerations

According to the NEA’s 2011 report, 27 percent of fine artists, art directors and animators — the report groups them together — with college degrees took their degree in fine arts. Some artistic specialties are more likely associated with degrees than others. Most medical illustrators have a master’s degree in medical illustration, for instance. As you face all the standard challenges of a self-employed professional — tracking income and expenses, paying taxes, marketing yourself — studying basic business skills may be a career asset.

Successful artist and guest author Noah Bradley shares some tips for artists who want to sell their work as freelancers. Learn more by visiting his website, The Art of Freelancing.

“Moat” by artist Noah Bradley

It takes a lot of luck to be a successful freelance artist. And it takes a lot of hard work and persistence to be lucky.

Here are 6 actions you can start taking today that will help you to have a successful, fulfilling career as a freelance artist:

1. Work hard. Work really hard. Work really, really, really hard. This career is not for the half-hearted. It takes a tremendous amount of effort and devotion to succeed.

2. Keep at it. I know plenty of people who could have been great, but simply gave up too soon. Success is never overnight and rarely comes as quickly as we might like. You might be doing great work but just need to keep trying a little bit longer to find success.

3. Get your work in front of the right people. Far too many people create great work but never show it to people. Sadly, art directors cannot magically find you if they don’t know who you are. So make sure they do. Get your work in front of their eyes. Put it online in every place you can and send personal emails to the clients you really want to work with. Do the leg work to put your work out there.

“Our Grasp of Heaven” by artist Noah Bradley

4. Network like crazy. Networking seems sort of scary to most of us. It’s a weird, sleazy-sounding activity that we’d much rather avoid. But it’s not all that bad. Networking is just making friends. Go to conventions, local meet-ups, and classes and start to connect with your fellow artists. These connections will be mutually beneficial and are essential for maintaining a successful career.

5. Do the work you love. As you begin to get work you’ll soon find yourself wrapped up in commissions, never doing work for yourself. Make the time to do personal work. These will be your chances to do work that you’re truly passionate about and will most advance your career. Even though I’ve done plenty of work to fill a portfolio with, half of my work that I show is still personal work.

6. Be a pleasure to work with. Be on time, be polite, be professional, and communicate clearly. An artist who is fun to work with gets a lot more work than an obnoxious artist. Be a nice person and nice things will happen to you.

“The Burdens of Triumph” by artist Noah Bradley

I won’t say that it’s an easy path to take. But being a freelance artist has been immensely enjoyable for me thus far. The freedom to travel the world while doing work I love is a gift I wouldn’t easily part with. If you decide to pursue a freelance career I wish you the best of luck and hope you enjoy it at least half as much as I have.

This post is also available in: French Chinese (Simplified) German

This guide for how to become a successful freelance artist or designer explains what things you need to follow and implement in your work to propel your career. In order to find freelance art jobs, one has to follow certain principles without fail, and only then would it become possible for you to start getting a lot of client projects.

Disclosure: This post is sponsored by Design Bundles. All ideas are my own, with the goal help you be at your best in your chosen creative field.

When you follow these suggestions

By applying these tips, it becomes easier to start dealing with clients that are trustworthy and come back to you with repeated assignments, rather than ones that are difficult to work with and haggle overpricing. A freelance artist would gain more popularity only when they start developing their skill sets and sharpen their technical abilities every single day without giving up.

Unless and until a freelance artist is capable enough to meet the requirements of the gig economy today, it would be very difficult for them to cope with the requirements and the job postings of clients in the freelance world.

Keep reading for some of the must-follow tips to find more freelance jobs – and better ones too. The guide below elaborates on the points that are going to set you apart from others so that you can excel in your chosen career path.

Remember, it’s not just about being technically capable either. Clients look for more than only that.

They look for individuals who have a lot of drive, can multitask, and work efficiently on projects without compromising on the quality of work. For those who want to go far in their field, choose resources that are top-quality and affordable, such as a camper SVG for your travel business or camping group.

7 tips to become a successful freelance artist or designer:

1. Come up with your own guidelines

Just as clients have their own policies and guidelines, so too should a freelancer. When you define a set of rules by which you work, as well as personal standards, you can grow to be a better and more confident artist.

The rules that you make are not for the clients. Instead, they are for yourself, to help make sure you get what you need from this career path, both emotionally and monetarily. It is important that you stick to them at any given point in time.

Setting up a rule to follow deadlines without fail is one such example. You can work on similar aspects and come up with more rules that can help you to gain confidence.

2. Keep practicing

Irrespective of the number or type of projects that you have, it is essential that you keep practicing and honing your technical skills. Do so daily! Try creating something different and unique until and unless you feel that that improvising makes sense for a more creative result.

3. Take courses to help you with how to become a successful freelance artist or designer

If you feel that you lack any of the technical skill sets that are required in your profession, it is always important to start learning them. You’re more attractive to clients when you have knowledge of the latest style of creating art.

Thus, focusing on improving your technical skills is one of the key factors that would help you to get a greater number of assignments. It’s part of your move toward self-improvement and self-care while becoming a better artist.

4. Start self-learning

As a freelance artist or designer, there will be times when you will not have any projects to work on, as that’s just the nature of the freelance field. During those times, you must not sit back and relax completely.

Instead, use that time to improve on any skills that need it. You might take classes or even teach others who are aspiring to become graphic designers or artists as a side hustle.

Check out leading online sites for designs too that you can incorporate into projects that you use on your website or in other useful places to attract clients. Think outside the box and use creative materials available easily online!

Using SVG graphics is an easy way to improve how your projects look. For example, a daisy svg is a sweet, uplifting design that resonates with all ages.

5. Start making videos

You can become popular by making videos on the concepts that you are aware of and confident in doing. Developing followers and gaining a lot of audiences is yet another way of sustaining yourself in the freelance world as clients will approach you to work together.

To become a successful graphic designer, videos can be one of the greatest sources because a lot of people these days love to learn through online channels. Video is the wave of the future! If you have great content, you can become successful, but do be aware that it can take time to grow a following and gain the notice of those who want to hire you.

6. Be proactive

In the freelance world, it’s easy to become lazy once you start finding projects and just rely on the existing customer base. But the problem then comes if one of those people no longer needs your services, as then your income will take a hit.

Thus, always keep in mind that the role of the freelance artist can never be compared with that of a full-time artist. You must continually seek out projects and apply almost daily for new opportunities (or daily, depending on your schedule).

The client always has the power to terminate your services irrespective of the number of years of association you have with them. Of course, you can do the same if you are not happy with the relationship.

Therefore, as a freelance artist, you must always put equal importance on the existing projects and looking for leads for future projects.

7. Increase your rates

Once you become an established freelance artist, it does not mean that you start increasing your charges exorbitantly. That’s a turn-off.

Instead, a successful freelance artist can raise their rates slowly and reasonably. Then you can definitely compete with the full-timers and also remember to follow the standards that are followed by any other organization when it comes to what is the pricing.

Summary on how to become a successful freelance artist or designer

These are some of the most important tips that can help you to become a successful freelance artist and set you apart from the pack.

The primary qualifications for becoming a freelance concept artist are familiarity with several physical and digital mediums and the ability to produce art on a deadline. Most employers judge freelance concept artists by skill instead of by education; an associate or bachelor’s degree in art can help you learn artistic techniques or ways to promote yourself, but most employers prefer an impressive portfolio over formal education. Many concept artists start by working for a single company to get experience before becoming freelancers. Fulfilling the job duties of a freelance concept artist requires excellent organizational and communication skills, creativity, and mastery of image editing software.

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Many artists paint on stretched canvas, but once you’ve finished your painting how do you frame it? A typical frame is intended for a flat work of art, but there are several options for framing stretched canvas.

Overview

It is very easy to frame a stretched canvas. You don’t need to remove the canvas from the stretchers to frame the painting. The frame sits on the edge of the stretched canvas as it would on a canvas board, and there is no need to protect it with glass. If the canvas stretchers have become warped, you can remove the finished painting and remount it, either on new stretchers or on a rigid support.

How to Frame Your Stretched Canvas Painting

Firstly, you should know the outside dimensions of your painting and the type of frame that will look good with it. Standard sizes are the most economical; you will have to pay more if you purchase a custom frame. You want a frame that will complement your painting and not compete with it. Make sure to buy a frame that is made for the size of your painting if it is a standard size. If the frame isn’t as deep as the canvas, you’ll see part of the edge of the canvas if you’re looking from the side.

To frame the canvas, you simply slip the painting into the frame from the back as usual. You can get canvas frame clips or offset clips for attaching a frame to a canvas from a hardware or frame store, or online. Artist Brian Rice uses bent pipe clamps, instead of buying offset clips, to secure a frame to a canvas. Simply drill the offset clips into the frame and your canvas will be secure within the frame.

It is not necessary, but sometimes a piece of paper is stuck on the back of the framed canvas using brown paper attached to the frame with double-sided tape to ‘tidy up’ the back of the canvas and stop dust collecting in it. If you do this, be sure to cut a hole in the back to allow the canvas to breathe so it can adjust to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

You can also use a floater frame (occasionally referred to as an L-frame) to frame your painting. With these types of frames, there is a gap between the edge of the canvas and the frame such that the painting appears to be floating in the frame. The painting is inserted from the front and rests on a ledge of the frame to which the painting is screwed in through the back to the stretcher bars. These frames are available in various sizes and depths, including ones suitable for deep gallery-wrap canvasses.

If you’re a real DIY person, you can also build your own frame. Inexpensive lattice is the right weight and width to start with. Cut the lattice to the correct lengths to form a frame, paint them as desired, and use wire nails or brads to fasten the pieces together around your stretched canvas.

This article was co-authored by Renée Plevy. Renée Plevy is an Internationally Acclaimed Portrait Artist from New York/Palm Beach who has painted The Grand Dames of Palm Beach and various celebrities and community leaders. With over 50 years of experience, Renée specializes in painting realistically in oil and capturing the soul of the person. She has studied under internationally renowned portrait artists John Howard Sanden, David Leffel, Robert Beverly Hale, Clyde Smith, and Leonid Gervits. Renée is featured in over 68 shows and galleries including a one-woman museum show at the Paterson Museum. She has garnered numerous awards including “Artist of the Year” from The Bloomfield Art League and First Prize from the Boca Raton Museum Artist’s Guild. Renée has even painted a portrait of celebrity, Vanilla Ice. She also teaches at the Boca Raton Museum Art School – formerly at SVA in Manhattan.

This article has been viewed 151,032 times.

Framing an oil painting comes down to choosing an appropriate frame, installing the frame correctly, and hanging it in your home. You’ll have to choose between a minimalistic, traditional, or antique frame based on the style of your composition. To frame the painting, layer the canvas behind a dust cover and tape. Once you’ve framed your painting, hang it in a safe location inside your home where it looks good to you!

Renée Plevy
Portrait Artist & Educator Expert Interview. 7 May 2021. These frames provide a modern look, and differ from traditional frames by adding very little visual impact on their own. They look sort of like siding or open borders for a piece of art. [2] X Research source

• Float and baguette frames tend to emphasize the work itself, since the frames tend to contain few details on their own.
• Float frames can make a work appear more striking. The mat helps isolate the work in the center of the wall, making it stand out more.
• Baguette frames can make a work look dramatic. The minimalistic frame lifts the image off of the wall a few inches, which can make it seem like the work is literally popping out.
• The difference between a baguette and float frame is whether there is any space between the canvas and the frame itself. Float frames have a space, which is sometimes filled in with a mat, while baguette frames leave no room between the frame and the painting.

Tip: Try to match the aesthetic of the frame with the style of your oil painting. If the painting is hyper realistic, you probably don’t want an abstract frame with a lot of designs. However, a unique frame with a lot of free-flowing inlays could work well with a piece of abstract expressionism.

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From time to time, art will be sold in a “raw” form, without a method to display it. There are some who will hang works on their canvases, but an oil painting truly shines when framed. You may have found the “perfect” oil painting for your display location and collection, but without a frame, it seems unfinished. To best accentuate your fine art, choose a frame which suits the style of the artwork as well as your taste. However, framing fine art like an oil painting is more than purchasing a ready-made piece from a craft store. Whether you choose to tackle this task on your own or hire a professional, here is a guide for framing oil paintings.

WHY FRAME AN OIL PAINTING?

There are several reasons why framing an oil painting is important, including:

• Preservation of the works. After you have invested in a work of art, you want to enjoy it for years to come. A frame protects your art.
• Complement the work itself. With hundreds, if not thousands, of options available, you can find frames which enhance the oil painting, drawing attention to the subject.
• Protect the painting during shipping or storage. Canvas works are susceptible to stretching, twisting, and puncture. A frame can strengthen the work, allowing you to ship it safely or put it in storage, if necessary, for extended periods of time.

SELECTION

One unique trait of oil paintings is the delicacy of the paint itself. Oil paint dries slowly (due to oxidation), and if painted thick enough, can take years to dry. Therefore, glass is not usually recommended in framing. Additionally, the dimensional qualities of oil painting are to be accentuated and not hidden behind glass. However, oil paintings due allow for flexibility in framing choices and have been adorned a wide variety of frames, including heavy, ornate wood frames which would overpower other works of art.

MEASURING THE ARTWORK – MATTING

If a mat would benefit your artwork (like a spotlight), you will need to choose the width of the mat, the cut of the inside edge, and even the color. Most oil paintings are not matted, but if you are framing a work which doesn’t fill the entire canvas, you may find that a mat focuses the eye on the work.

THE LABOR OF FRAMING

Place the frame on a clean, padded surface, verify the width and depth of the rabbet (the recess where the work will rest), and be sure to allow a tiny bit of space (between 1/8 to 1/ 4 inch) between the artwork and the frame for “breathing.” You may modify the rabbet with hand tools if necessary.

Pad the frame to protect the canvas, making sure that there is no paint touching the padding or the frame, which can damage the work over time. Foam strips or thick cloth ribbon are good for this, but ensure they cannot be seen when the work is displayed and adhere to the frame along the entire surface. Edge strips are another layer of protection for the artwork, especially when there is impasto around the edges. Backing boards serve several purposes: both to protect the back of the artwork from damage and debris with a secure seal, and to offer a firm, flat surface for hanging hardware. Boards made from plastic, hardboard, and plywood (for smaller works) are all suitable for this.

HARDWARE IN THE FRAMING PROCESS

Now that you have a frame suitable for your artwork, you need to attach the painting to the frame and add hardware for hanging. There are two types of clips for attaching the canvas to frames; both spring clips and offset clips are appropriate. Both are screwed to the frame and clip over the back of the canvas. For hanging, D-rings are KING. The advantage of D-rings is that they can be attached to the frame and then hung on a picture hook rated for the appropriate weight of your artwork, placed securely in the wall. The hardware is never applied to the canvas, protecting it from damage and allowing you to replace the frame if you later choose.

VOILA! YOUR ARTWORK IS READY FOR DISPLAY

So, there you have it, framing your oil paintings in a nutshell. If you are handy and have a frame which fits your painting, you may find that you can take on this task on your own. If this seems daunting, look for a framing expert to guide you through the process or simply frame your artwork for you.

Sybaris Collection is here to assist you in your journey to building your art collection. Consider the experts with our custom framing service; we can help you choose the perfect frame for your work, whether it be a new addition or a new face for your current pieces of art.

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From time to time, art will be sold in a “raw” form, without a method to display it. There are some who will hang works on their canvases, but an oil painting truly shines when framed. You may have found the “perfect” oil painting for your display location and collection, but without a frame, it seems unfinished. To best accentuate your fine art, choose a frame which suits the style of the artwork as well as your taste. However, framing fine art like an oil painting is more than purchasing a ready-made piece from a craft store. Whether you choose to tackle this task on your own or hire a professional, here is a guide for framing oil paintings.

WHY FRAME AN OIL PAINTING?

There are several reasons why framing an oil painting is important, including:

• Preservation of the works. After you have invested in a work of art, you want to enjoy it for years to come. A frame protects your art.
• Complement the work itself. With hundreds, if not thousands, of options available, you can find frames which enhance the oil painting, drawing attention to the subject.
• Protect the painting during shipping or storage. Canvas works are susceptible to stretching, twisting, and puncture. A frame can strengthen the work, allowing you to ship it safely or put it in storage, if necessary, for extended periods of time.

SELECTION

One unique trait of oil paintings is the delicacy of the paint itself. Oil paint dries slowly (due to oxidation), and if painted thick enough, can take years to dry. Therefore, glass is not usually recommended in framing. Additionally, the dimensional qualities of oil painting are to be accentuated and not hidden behind glass. However, oil paintings due allow for flexibility in framing choices and have been adorned a wide variety of frames, including heavy, ornate wood frames which would overpower other works of art.

MEASURING THE ARTWORK – MATTING

If a mat would benefit your artwork (like a spotlight), you will need to choose the width of the mat, the cut of the inside edge, and even the color. Most oil paintings are not matted, but if you are framing a work which doesn’t fill the entire canvas, you may find that a mat focuses the eye on the work.

THE LABOR OF FRAMING

Place the frame on a clean, padded surface, verify the width and depth of the rabbet (the recess where the work will rest), and be sure to allow a tiny bit of space (between 1/8 to 1/ 4 inch) between the artwork and the frame for “breathing.” You may modify the rabbet with hand tools if necessary.

Pad the frame to protect the canvas, making sure that there is no paint touching the padding or the frame, which can damage the work over time. Foam strips or thick cloth ribbon are good for this, but ensure they cannot be seen when the work is displayed and adhere to the frame along the entire surface. Edge strips are another layer of protection for the artwork, especially when there is impasto around the edges. Backing boards serve several purposes: both to protect the back of the artwork from damage and debris with a secure seal, and to offer a firm, flat surface for hanging hardware. Boards made from plastic, hardboard, and plywood (for smaller works) are all suitable for this.

HARDWARE IN THE FRAMING PROCESS

Now that you have a frame suitable for your artwork, you need to attach the painting to the frame and add hardware for hanging. There are two types of clips for attaching the canvas to frames; both spring clips and offset clips are appropriate. Both are screwed to the frame and clip over the back of the canvas. For hanging, D-rings are KING. The advantage of D-rings is that they can be attached to the frame and then hung on a picture hook rated for the appropriate weight of your artwork, placed securely in the wall. The hardware is never applied to the canvas, protecting it from damage and allowing you to replace the frame if you later choose.

VOILA! YOUR ARTWORK IS READY FOR DISPLAY

So, there you have it, framing your oil paintings in a nutshell. If you are handy and have a frame which fits your painting, you may find that you can take on this task on your own. If this seems daunting, look for a framing expert to guide you through the process or simply frame your artwork for you.

Sybaris Collection is here to assist you in your journey to building your art collection. Consider the experts with our custom framing service; we can help you choose the perfect frame for your work, whether it be a new addition or a new face for your current pieces of art.

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If you’re struggling to frame a painting, it might be because you are thinking like an artist, not a framer. Luckily, having framed Van Gogh’s Sunflowers, FA Pollak’s Alexander Roeder knows a thing or two about getting a painting ready to display

2 Why not try putting various pictures in one frame? We recently worked on a few small teacup prints – they were in a long frame with a mount and six openings. It worked well and added variety.

3 An ostentatious frame can make the painting look more important and there are some people who just want something expensive-looking on the wall. It’s funny because collectors will look at a painting and not want to make it look expensive whereas a dealer always will. The worth of a painting doesn’t interest me but the age of a painting does – as it’s good to get a period frame to suit.

4 What picture should go in what frame is partly down to perception. People think Impressionist paintings should be in busy, small and thick frames, but they are only in those because the dealer selling the first few had them lying around at the time. You can use this to your advantage – create a Victorian look with something austere or linear, for example.

5 Some people want a thin frame but it can make it look as if it has been framed as an afterthought. Don’t use thin frames with very small artwork because it will look weedy – you need a thicker frame and it should be bevelled, to draw your eye in.

6 For landscapes, try to avoid frames with too many lines on them. You might want to go for something curvy instead, that leads the eye into the picture, rather than something flat.

7 When it comes to mounting, never choose a colour that you’d find in the picture. People always make that mistake: “There’s red in the picture, I must use a red mount!” It’s just wrong. Your eyes will be drawn to the red of the mount and it will kill all other colour. The trick is to compliment, not copy. Using a neutral colour, like cream, often works really well. We do a lot of silk mounts, too – they are popular and look good.

8 Modern prints nowadays are always printed with a lot of paper around the image so you can often save money and use this as a built-in mount. Tray or box frames are a good bet for more modern paintings – they are good ways of containing a picture so it doesn’t just blend into the wall.

9 Learn how to stretch your canvases properly if you want them framed properly. Canvas gives. If you stretch your own canvases make sure they are straight and you use the wedges. All canvases have wedges in a packet on the back of the stretcher and the whole point of these is to be used – they are designed to help stop the canvas from sagging and going out of shape.

10 Glass can be expensive so choose only what you really need. There are lots of different types, from bog-standard float glass upwards. There’s a coated glass with chemical on each side that is good. It’s low reflecting and if you hang it correctly and light it well, you won’t even see the glass. Then there’s the museum standard, which is low reflecting but also stops UV light. You can get this from most good framers, it’s just very expensive.

11 Oil paintings don’t need glazing. People used to glaze them because there was more smog and smoky fires. These days we are far more hermetically sealed and people don’t smoke as much, so it’s not necessary.

12 My failsafe frame is oak. A decent, not-too-thin wood frame can go round pretty much everything and you can change the colour with waxing. However, each individual picture must be considered separately.

This article featured in Artists & Illustrators magazine. To discover more How to Guides get the latest magazine or find it in all good newsagents. Plus, browse our online collection.

Read more: how to varnish your art and how to stretch a canvas.

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In association with Cass Art.

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Artists and Illustrators

Artists & Illustrators is Britain’s most popular magazine for practising artists, whilst also being equally relevant to professionals, aspiring amateurs or to those who paint purely for pleasure. Full of step-by-step practical advice, readers’ own work, exclusive features on famous names and expert product tests, this is the top publication for every artist seeking inspiration, whether they favour painting, drawing or printmaking.

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Many artists paint on stretched canvas, but once you’ve finished your painting how do you frame it? A typical frame is intended for a flat work of art, but there are several options for framing stretched canvas.

Overview

It is very easy to frame a stretched canvas. You don’t need to remove the canvas from the stretchers to frame the painting. The frame sits on the edge of the stretched canvas as it would on a canvas board, and there is no need to protect it with glass. If the canvas stretchers have become warped, you can remove the finished painting and remount it, either on new stretchers or on a rigid support.

How to Frame Your Stretched Canvas Painting

Firstly, you should know the outside dimensions of your painting and the type of frame that will look good with it. Standard sizes are the most economical; you will have to pay more if you purchase a custom frame. You want a frame that will complement your painting and not compete with it. Make sure to buy a frame that is made for the size of your painting if it is a standard size. If the frame isn’t as deep as the canvas, you’ll see part of the edge of the canvas if you’re looking from the side.

To frame the canvas, you simply slip the painting into the frame from the back as usual. You can get canvas frame clips or offset clips for attaching a frame to a canvas from a hardware or frame store, or online. Artist Brian Rice uses bent pipe clamps, instead of buying offset clips, to secure a frame to a canvas. Simply drill the offset clips into the frame and your canvas will be secure within the frame.

It is not necessary, but sometimes a piece of paper is stuck on the back of the framed canvas using brown paper attached to the frame with double-sided tape to ‘tidy up’ the back of the canvas and stop dust collecting in it. If you do this, be sure to cut a hole in the back to allow the canvas to breathe so it can adjust to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

You can also use a floater frame (occasionally referred to as an L-frame) to frame your painting. With these types of frames, there is a gap between the edge of the canvas and the frame such that the painting appears to be floating in the frame. The painting is inserted from the front and rests on a ledge of the frame to which the painting is screwed in through the back to the stretcher bars. These frames are available in various sizes and depths, including ones suitable for deep gallery-wrap canvasses.

If you’re a real DIY person, you can also build your own frame. Inexpensive lattice is the right weight and width to start with. Cut the lattice to the correct lengths to form a frame, paint them as desired, and use wire nails or brads to fasten the pieces together around your stretched canvas.

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Many artists paint on stretched canvas, but once you’ve finished your painting how do you frame it? A typical frame is intended for a flat work of art, but there are several options for framing stretched canvas.

Overview

It is very easy to frame a stretched canvas. You don’t need to remove the canvas from the stretchers to frame the painting. The frame sits on the edge of the stretched canvas as it would on a canvas board, and there is no need to protect it with glass. If the canvas stretchers have become warped, you can remove the finished painting and remount it, either on new stretchers or on a rigid support.

How to Frame Your Stretched Canvas Painting

Firstly, you should know the outside dimensions of your painting and the type of frame that will look good with it. Standard sizes are the most economical; you will have to pay more if you purchase a custom frame. You want a frame that will complement your painting and not compete with it. Make sure to buy a frame that is made for the size of your painting if it is a standard size. If the frame isn’t as deep as the canvas, you’ll see part of the edge of the canvas if you’re looking from the side.

To frame the canvas, you simply slip the painting into the frame from the back as usual. You can get canvas frame clips or offset clips for attaching a frame to a canvas from a hardware or frame store, or online. Artist Brian Rice uses bent pipe clamps, instead of buying offset clips, to secure a frame to a canvas. Simply drill the offset clips into the frame and your canvas will be secure within the frame.

It is not necessary, but sometimes a piece of paper is stuck on the back of the framed canvas using brown paper attached to the frame with double-sided tape to ‘tidy up’ the back of the canvas and stop dust collecting in it. If you do this, be sure to cut a hole in the back to allow the canvas to breathe so it can adjust to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

You can also use a floater frame (occasionally referred to as an L-frame) to frame your painting. With these types of frames, there is a gap between the edge of the canvas and the frame such that the painting appears to be floating in the frame. The painting is inserted from the front and rests on a ledge of the frame to which the painting is screwed in through the back to the stretcher bars. These frames are available in various sizes and depths, including ones suitable for deep gallery-wrap canvasses.

If you’re a real DIY person, you can also build your own frame. Inexpensive lattice is the right weight and width to start with. Cut the lattice to the correct lengths to form a frame, paint them as desired, and use wire nails or brads to fasten the pieces together around your stretched canvas.

Every year roughly 100,000 avalanches sweep down mountains across the U.S., damaging everything in their path and killing 28 people on average.

In fewer than seven weeks, beginning on Dec. 18, 2020, avalanches took the lives of seven people in the U.S while skiing, snowboarding, and snowmobiling.

We asked Simon Trautman, a national avalanche specialist for the USDA Forest Service, to provide a few pointers to help make sure fun days in the snow stay that way. Or, if the worst happens, how to increase your chances of survival.

1. Know Before You Go

“Not surprisingly, the best way to survive an avalanche is not to get caught in one in the first place,” said Trautman. Trautman works at the avalanche forecasting center in Bellingham, Washington – one of 14 the Forest Service operates.

“Avalanche danger changes day to day, sometimes hour to hour. That’s why it is important to, before going out, look for the most recent information and keep in mind those changing conditions.”

To determine that risk, you should check the avalanche forecast at your destination through Avalanche.org. The online tool, a partnership between the Forest Service and the American Avalanche Association, helps connect the public to avalanche education and understand the avalanche danger scale that ranges from low to extreme.

The risks are calculated daily by avalanche forecasters on the ground who observe the conditions, such as snowpack behavior, humidity, temperature, wind and how those elements act on different terrains. Their findings are updated continuously and posted on the site.

2. Have the Appropriate Gear and Training

“Emergency services are usually too far away from the scene of an avalanche, and time is important,” said Trautman. “A person trapped under the snow may not have more than 20 or 30 minutes. So, in a backcountry scenario, you are your own rescue party.”

Trautman recommends three essential pieces of gear that will help rescue yourself, a companion, or even a stranger: An avalanche beacon, a probe and a shovel.

Avalanche beacons are radio transceivers that pinpoint where you are. They are simple and easy to use. Everyone heading out for the day wears a transceiver and turns it on before leaving the house. If someone in your group is covered by an avalanche, you can switch the transceiver to receive and quickly locate your friend’s signal.

Then you can use a probe, a collapsible fiberglass pole like a tent rod, to determine the location and the depth of where a person is buried under the snow. Once located, you can use your third tool – a shovel – to expeditiously free your friend.

“There’s a level of responsibility that you have to yourself and to the people you go out with,” said Trautman, “You have to have the appropriate gear, and you need to know how to use it.”

Appropriate training to learn more about identifying dangerous conditions and using the equipment is available for beginners and professionals alike. For beginners, Avalanche.org has an interactive online tutorial. There are many educational opportunities for those who want to learn more, including finding upcoming workshops and courses on the Avalanche.org website.

3. Surviving the Avalanche

Even if you check your local forecast, have the appropriate gear, and are trained for surviving an avalanche, there is still a possibility that you will find yourself looking up at a fast-moving wall of snow. If you’re well-trained, those learned instincts should kick in to increase your chances of survival.

Many factors can affect the survival rate, such as how long you are buried under the snow, how deep you are buried, and the injuries you suffer as you’re swept down the mountain.

“First, try to get out of the way. Do everything you can not to get caught in the slide,” Trautman said. “Being in an avalanche is like being caught in a fast-flowing river. The most common advice is to move diagonal to the avalanche or try to make your way to the edge, where the slide is not moving as fast and where you’re not likely to be buried as deep.”

However, there is something you can do if you find yourself in the path of a reasonably large avalanche. Try to orient your feet downhill so that your lower body, not your head, takes most of the impact. You may also get into a tight ball as another way to protect your head.

“And once you finally come to rest, you should relax because you know your partners are trained, and they are coming to get you,” Trautman said.

Avalanches have caught many people of varying skill levels off-guard.

“You see a lot of people who get caught in avalanches that are out there really pushing the envelope. And then you also see people who don’t realize that they are pushing the envelope,” he said.

Regardless of a person’s snow activity of choice, anyone traversing a snowy range should trained, properly equipped, and know the dangers.

“Remember, the best way to survive an avalanche is not to get in one in the first place,” said Trautman. “In the end, we all go out there to have fun. Have fun: Go prepared.”

You could be out enjoying the sunshine on a beautiful day just following a snowfall, and out of nowhere, you notice an avalanche barreling towards you from far up on the hill. You only have a few seconds before it hits you. Besides being utterly terrified, would you know what to do? Fortunately, there are a number of steps for you to take that could very well save your life. Here’s how to survive an avalanche. In case you missed this post, Melting Snow for Survival Tips

How to Survive an Avalanche

1. Attempt to Jump Up the Slope

For a vast majority of the victims who get caught up in an avalanche, the avalanche usually starts off right at their own feet instead of falling from above. Now you may be thinking that this tip is next to impossible to do, and you’d be right, but it has been done before. That’s because avalanches usually don’t give you much time to react. But if you can, try to jump up the slope and across the fracture line so that you can get out of harm’s way.

2. Get to the Side of the Avalanche

Many victims make the mistake and try to run down the hill to get away from an oncoming avalanche, but this is futile. It will mow you over due to its speed. By moving as quickly as you can away from the middle, you’ll be getting yourself away from the fastest moving point, and the place in the avalanche that has the most volume of snow. If the avalanche takes place far above you, there’s the chance that you may be able to get out of the way in time if you react quickly.

3. Drop Your Equipment

Another factor that may save your life, is to take off any gear or other equipment that you might be wearing and ditch it. This will lighten your load and increase your chances of getting away safely. Be aware, some say that you should still keep your backpack with you because it may protect your neck and back from serious injury when everything starts to pile on top of you. It is very difficult to dig yourself out of the snow when covered, but if you happen to be nearer the surface the backpack may hold you back due to the weight. Each situation is different.

4. Try to Hold on to Something

If you know that there’s no way you’ll be able to get out of the way in time, try to get yourself to a nearby larger tree or boulder that you could hang onto. This method would work on smaller avalanches, but if it’s a massive avalanche, they’re known to completely remove these types of objects. Even if you’re not able to hold on to a particular object for the duration of the avalanche, it will still increase your chances of not being buried nearly as deep.

5. Just Keep Swimming

Once the avalanche has surrounded you, attempt a swimming motion by kicking your legs and moving your arms. This will help you stay closer to the surface of the snow instead of completely sinking beneath. There are two things that you need to keep in mind when you do this:

• Swim uphill. By swimming up, you’ll be able to stay closer to the surface.
• Swim on your back. Should you become completely buried, this will provide you with a better chance of getting oxygen with your head turned to the surface.

6. Figure Out Which Way is Up

This is where things can be a bit tricky, especially if the victim becomes disoriented. There are two ways that you can find out which way is up so that you can hopefully get yourself oxygen. Try holding your hand straight up over your head and see if it reaches the surface of the snow. This step may also help others find you easier. You could also try spitting saliva from your mouth. Your spit will move down, so you’ll want to work your way in the opposite direction.

7. Create a Pocket Around Your Face

When you’re thinking that the avalanche is about to settle, be sure to take in a huge gasp of air and hold your breath. Because once the snow rests, it may harden into something as heavy as concrete and you’ll need plenty of breathing room so that you can get some air. If you’re buried deep enough, it will be impossible for you to get out on your own.

Until someone is able to rescue you, in the meantime you need to create an air pocket around your face and nose so that you can get some air. Do this by using your free hand to form a hole in the surface, or by using a small shovel. This method should provide you at least 30 minutes of air. Depending on how deep the snow is, you may be locked in the space and position when the snow stopped moving, and moving you arms or hands may not be an option.

8. Conserve Energy and Air

If you happen to be close to the surface, you can try to dig your way out, but try not to lose your air pocket for breathing. If you’re unable to move at all, try to remain calm and conserve your energy. This will provide you with more breathing time until rescuers are able to dig you out. If you happen to hear people close to you, you can try to call out to them. Shouting will take away from your oxygen supply, and possibly won’t do you any good if you are buried deep in the snow. If you think you are fairly close to the surface it is certainly worth a try, but they may not hear you.

9. Wait Patiently

As long as you have an avalanche beacon and probe with you, help will be on the way. All you can do at this time is to wait patiently and try to remain calm. This is an important tip as part of your efforts to survive an avalanche.

10. Always Take Survival Equipment with You

By having the right equipment with you, your chances of surviving an avalanche will increase significantly. You should never hit the slopes without these crucial items:

• Avalanche receiver and probe (The receiver helps signal where the person is buried, while the probe locates exactly where the person is. Everyone in your party should carry both.)
• Helmet (Protect your head from the initial impact and from hitting other objects around you.)
• Small shovel (For creating an air pocket so that you can breathe.)
• Skier’s airbag (Helps keep you toward the surface of the snow.)

How to Survive an Avalanche

Final Word

You’ll be much likelier to walk away from an avalanche if you are able to follow these steps before and afterward. A key point is to check weather and avalanche forecasts BEFORE you go out, and stay away from the backcountry if there is any chance of avalanche activity where you plan to go. If you want to get more practice, I’d also suggest that you take an intensive avalanche training course, not only to protect yourself but others around you. Have you, or someone you know ever experienced being buried beneath an avalanche? What helped get you (or them) through it? How do you plan to survive an avalanche? May God Bless this world, Linda.

How to avoid them, and what to do if you get caught in a snow slide

By Tim MacWelch | Published Jan 14, 2017 10:44 PM

The very best way to survive an avalanche is to never go where avalanches are possible. But that’s not always realistic. We could stay in flatland areas, or even move to the tropics, but you’d be missing out on the real beauty of the season. Those snow-covered mountains call to many of us. When the steep slopes are robed in winter white, it’s a beautiful time to get out there. And if we understand not only our peril, but the right things to do if trouble starts, we can limit our risks and still enjoy our outdoor time in winter. And if an avalanche breaks loose under foot, you can use these techniques to survive it.

—Abandon all your equipment. Skis, poles, snowboards, snowshoes, and even snowmobiles will only get in your way, or hit you in the churning sea of snow.

—If possible, try to shelter behind rocks, trees or vehicles. Crouch down and turn your back toward the avalanche.

—If caught in the open, try to “swim” through the snow and try to avoid hitting stationary objects. Snow doesn’t exactly move the same way water moves, but there are similarities.

—Be aware of dangerous terrain features, like cliffs, boulder fields, groves of trees or any other hazard that the avalanche could ram you into or drive you over.

—As the snow nears you, take in a deep breath and cover your nose and mouth.

—Thrust, kick and swim to stay on the surface. Ride on top of the snow, and attempt to get to the edge of the avalanche.

—Do not yell or open your mouth as the snow hits you, it can fill your mouth, throat and nostrils.

—As the avalanche slows, bring your hands and arms up to your face and make an air space.

Assist Your Own Rescue

Finding yourself buried under the snow is not an enviable experience. But it doesn’t have to be a fatal one. Once the snow stops moving, it turns from a fluid medium to a cement-like consistency. Work quickly to dig your way to the surface as the slide slows. If possible, shove one arm toward the surface and move it around to create an air shaft. Use your hands to carve out a breathing space. Work methodically to avoid exhaustion. Conserve your breath, by waiting to shout until you hear rescuers above you. If it seems possible to dig yourself out, but you’re disoriented from your tumble, you need to know which direction is up. If the snow layer above you is relatively thin, daylight might shine through, so go toward that. If you’re too deep for light to be your guide, clear a space near your mouth and spit. Watch the direction in which gravity pulls the spit, and head the other way.

Have you ever been at the scene of an avalanche? Would you be ready if caught in one? Please leave us a comment.

Every year roughly 100,000 avalanches sweep down mountains across the U.S., damaging everything in their path and killing 28 people on average.

In fewer than seven weeks, beginning on Dec. 18, 2020, avalanches took the lives of seven people in the U.S while skiing, snowboarding, and snowmobiling.

We asked Simon Trautman, a national avalanche specialist for the USDA Forest Service, to provide a few pointers to help make sure fun days in the snow stay that way. Or, if the worst happens, how to increase your chances of survival.

1. Know Before You Go

“Not surprisingly, the best way to survive an avalanche is not to get caught in one in the first place,” said Trautman. Trautman works at the avalanche forecasting center in Bellingham, Washington – one of 14 the Forest Service operates.

“Avalanche danger changes day to day, sometimes hour to hour. That’s why it is important to, before going out, look for the most recent information and keep in mind those changing conditions.”

To determine that risk, you should check the avalanche forecast at your destination through Avalanche.org. The online tool, a partnership between the Forest Service and the American Avalanche Association, helps connect the public to avalanche education and understand the avalanche danger scale that ranges from low to extreme.

The risks are calculated daily by avalanche forecasters on the ground who observe the conditions, such as snowpack behavior, humidity, temperature, wind and how those elements act on different terrains. Their findings are updated continuously and posted on the site.

2. Have the Appropriate Gear and Training

“Emergency services are usually too far away from the scene of an avalanche, and time is important,” said Trautman. “A person trapped under the snow may not have more than 20 or 30 minutes. So, in a backcountry scenario, you are your own rescue party.”

Annually, avalanches kill 150 people around the world and nearly 30 the U.S. Larger avalanches can move at speeds of 200 miles per hour and weigh as much as 1 million tons. (Courtesy of Avalanche.org)
Trautman recommends three essential pieces of gear that will help rescue yourself, a companion, or even a stranger: An avalanche beacon, a probe and a shovel.

Avalanche beacons are radio transceivers that pinpoint where you are. They are simple and easy to use. Everyone heading out for the day wears a transceiver and turns it on before leaving the house. If someone in your group is covered by an avalanche, you can switch the transceiver to receive and quickly locate your friend’s signal.

Then you can use a probe, a collapsible fiberglass pole like a tent rod, to determine the location and the depth of where a person is buried under the snow. Once located, you can use your third tool – a shovel – to expeditiously free your friend.

“There’s a level of responsibility that you have to yourself and to the people you go out with,” said Trautman, “You have to have the appropriate gear, and you need to know how to use it.”

Appropriate training to learn more about identifying dangerous conditions and using the equipment is available for beginners and professionals alike. For beginners, Avalanche.org has an interactive online tutorial. There are many educational opportunities for those who want to learn more, including finding upcoming workshops and courses on the Avalanche.org website.

3. Surviving the Avalanche

Even if you check your local forecast, have the appropriate gear, and are trained for surviving an avalanche, there is still a possibility that you will find yourself looking up at a fast-moving wall of snow. If you’re well-trained, those learned instincts should kick in to increase your chances of survival.

Many factors can affect the survival rate, such as how long you are buried under the snow, how deep you are buried, and the injuries you suffer as you’re swept down the mountain.

No one is immune to the perils of an avalanche. Snowboarders, cross-country skiers, downhill skiers, snowmobilers, and others, regardless of their skills, have found themselves the target of an avalanche. Preparation is key for anyone heading out in avalanche territory. (Courtesy of Avalanche.org)

“First, try to get out of the way. Do everything you can not to get caught in the slide,” Trautman said. “Being in an avalanche is like being caught in a fast-flowing river. The most common advice is to move diagonal to the avalanche or try to make your way to the edge, where the slide is not moving as fast and where you’re not likely to be buried as deep.”

However, there is something you can do if you find yourself in the path of a reasonably large avalanche. Try to orient your feet downhill so that your lower body, not your head, takes most of the impact. You may also get into a tight ball as another way to protect your head.

“And once you finally come to rest, you should relax because you know your partners are trained, and they are coming to get you,” Trautman said.

Avalanches have caught many people of varying skill levels off-guard.

“You see a lot of people who get caught in avalanches that are out there really pushing the envelope. And then you also see people who don’t realize that they are pushing the envelope,” he said.

Regardless of a person’s snow activity of choice, anyone traversing a snowy range should trained, properly equipped, and know the dangers.

“Remember, the best way to survive an avalanche is not to get in one in the first place,” said Trautman. “In the end, we all go out there to have fun. Have fun: Go prepared.”

Getting caught in an avalanche is every backcountry skier’s nightmare, but with a little luck and the proper technique, you can live to tell one heck of a snowy story.

1. Be a Beacon

You can take one huge step toward survival before you ever set foot on a mountain. Buy and wear an avalanche beacon, a small radio that will transmit your location to rescue crews.

2. Stay On Top

“Swimming” to the top of the avalanche will help avoid being trapped under debris, which is solid advice. However, you don’t have to be as graceful as an Olympic freestyle champ. If “swimming” is too tough, “violently thrashing around so you don’t sink” will suffice. Just do whatever it takes to stay on top of the sliding cascade.

3. Reach for the Sky

This may be easier said than done, but try to keep one arm above your head as the avalanche tosses you around. The benefit of this maneuver is twofold: it will be easier for rescuers to spot you if your hand is sticking out of the snow, and with any luck, you’ll know which direction is up, a huge help as you try to dig out.

4. Get Spitting

Normally, it’s bad manners to spit. But if you’ve been trapped under an avalanche, spitting can save your life. As soon as you stop moving, quickly work to open a space in front of your face. Not only will this pocket give you room to breathe, it will give you space to spit. Note where gravity carries your spit, then dig in the opposite direction.

5. Remain Calm

The natural instinct for anyone buried by an avalanche is to get pretty nervous, but if you can keep your head, you can stay alive. In most cases, victims have a 15-minute window in which they can carve out areas to breathe under the snow. Panicking will speed your breath and shorten your window, so calmly work on digging your way out. If you’ve worn your beacon, rescue workers will hopefully be on the way, and you’ll get pulled out of the mess.

Each year avalanches claim more than 150 lives world wide, and even though many resorts take measures to help people survive an avalanche, this number is increasing. And don’t think you’re safe in Britain, you only have to look as far back as 2013, when four climbers were killed in an avalanche in the Glen Coe mountain range. This is a stark reminder that avalanches are a very real threat, even on the mountains of Britain, and that steps should always be taken to prepare to survive an avalanche, if the time comes.

So, what can you do if you see a wall of white powder hurtling down the mountain face at you? How can you survive an avalanche?

Ditch your gear

There’s no use holding on to your precious new skis or rucksack if you’re not going to be alive to use them. To survive an avalanche you’ll need to throw down as much gear as time allows – you want to get rid of any unnecessary weight as it will just weigh you down in the torrent of snow.

Gimme shelter

If you are near any rocks, attempt to seek shelter from the snow juggernaut behind them. Beware, however, that large avalanches will pick up big rocks and carry them down slope. If there’s no object to hide behind, crouch low, turn away from the avalanche, and brace for impact.

Swim for your life!

If you are unable to escape the line of the avalanche and it hits you, start swimming frantically (any stroke will do). You need to be doing anything that will keep you above the snow, and as the human body is much denser than snow you will be fighting very hard.

Use all of your strength to avoid getting pulled under, and as the avalanche starts to slow down try to ensure you are near the surface before the snow settles as it sets as hard as concrete. Not something you really want to buried in.

Make some room to breath

If you are unable to remain on the surface of the avalanche and you are pulled under, it is vital that you create an air pocket if you hope to survive an avalanche more than a few seconds. As the avalanche is coming to a stop, take a deep breath and cup your hands around your mouth. By doing this you are ensuring a small air pocket around your mouth which should last you about 30 minutes, hopefully enough time to be rescued.

By taking in a deep breath you are expanding your rib cage, so when the snow sets as your chest will have room to move. Failure to take the deep breath can result in death from asphyxiation, as you are unable to move your chest enough to inhale.

Keep calm

Panicking will quickly deplete your limited oxygen supply so remain calm and try to conserve your oxygen use. If you can hear the voices of rescuers close, you can shout, but keep in mind that you will be able to hear them better than they can hear you.

When it comes to how to survive an avalanche, prevention is a lot better than a cure. Stick to trails and stay away from known avalanche locations. You can also check avalanche reports, like this one for Glen Coe. This will increase your chances of surviving tenfold – if you’re not in an avalanche, the chances are it’s not going to kill you.

I’ve worked for Adventurize Media for nine years now, though I took a hiatus in 2011 to ski guide in Meribel. I’ve always chased adventure and I climbed the Eiger when I was 15, and Mont Blanc the year after. Having seen glimpses of the beauty that this planet has to offer, I’ve made it my mission to explore and experience as much of it as possible.

On the 9 February 2020, a huge avalanche struck the Indian state of Uttarakhand and killed several dozen people and caused over 200 to go missing. Its believed to have been started by a glacier high up in the mountains warming enough to cause a large portion of ice to break off, and create a chain effect of falling debris. This avalanche caused the highest loss of life in a single incident in years, and normally deaths caused by them are single group incidents, but is there really anything you can do to survive such a disaster?

Unfortunately this is one of those natural disasters that you are completely at the mercy of, and if you can’t avoid it then you have to wait until it spits you out or comes to a stop. The best way to survive an avalanche is to avoid being caught in one in the first place, and knowing what to look for is the key to this. Here are a few tips on how to increase your chances of survival should you ever be caught in one:

1) Try to avoid it

Probably the most obvious point is one you’ll do anyway out of instinct. If you see a huge wave of snow and ice come crashing towards you, then try and move as far out its path as possible. You won’t be able to outrun it so try to move out the main flow of it, or take cover behind something sturdy like a rock or tree.

2) Try to stay on top

If you get completely buried by an avalanche, you have a 50% chance of getting out alive, so staying on top of the flow will greatly increase your chances of survival. To do this try and swim along with the flow, pushing yourself to the surface any way you can to try and avoid being buried. This is much easier said than done though and debris within the avalanche will make this much harder.

3) If you get buried, the top priority is air

The snow won’t be hard packed and will contain a lot of air, allowing you to push it away from your face and create a small pocket where you can get some air. At the point you come to a stop, you’ll be panicking and breathing very quickly, so it’s important to try and stay conscious so you don’t freeze to death and having enough air is the first step to achieving this.

(Hopefully you’ll never be in the position where this is your view after going on a skiing trip)

4) If you have the ability to dig, make sure you’re going the right way

The problem won’t be moving the snow itself, but rather the enormous amount of it you need to move to get out. After being flipped all over the place during the fall, it can be very disorientating and when you come to a stop, it’s hard to tell which way up you’re facing. The easiest way to determine direction is to spit and let gravity show you which way is down. This may sound odd but when your elevated in the middle of 30 feet deep snow after being rolled around a lot, it can be genuinely difficult to tell which way is up.

5) Don’t panic

This is a key rule for any survival situation, but it’s even more important when surrounded by snow. If you panic you’ll use more oxygen and breathe faster, which will cause you to sweat and create moisture within your space. The faster you can get out the better, but it still might take a while to dig your way out or wait until rescue finds you, and having moisture on your body and around your face when your deep beneath the snow is extremely dangerous and will shorten your survival time.

6) Try to find a way to signal for help

It might take a while for the rescue team to find you, especially if it was quite a big avalanche, so speeding this up by having a way to signal them will save your life. If you can see the surface but can’t quite reach it, then use anything you can to wave above the ground that you might have on you, like a ski pole or piece of clothing or anything that isn’t white. Any heavy debris like trees or rocks caught in the slide with fall below the surface, leaving the top as a sheet of untouched white. Anything that isn’t that colour will stick out and lead rescue teams straight to your position.

7) Don’t take your time

In many survival situations it’s important to plan and do things properly, but when you’re covered in snow which got inside your clothes during the fall, your time is very limited, and it becomes a race against trying not to pass out and freeze to death. Unless someone saw the point you went under and knows where you are, its highly likely you’ll pass out before anyone has the chance to find you, so don’t waste any time taking breaks or going slow, because when you’re buried under snow you won’t have the luxury of spare time.

(Every year there are millions of small avalanches that no one see’s and dont cause any damage, like this tiny powder fall that would struggle to bury a person)

A few facts about avalanches

• An avalanche can start almost instantly and can reach speeds of up to 80 mph in only a few seconds.

• You have a survival chance of 90% if found within 20 minutes, but this drops rapidly to a 1 in 3 chance of survival after 1 hour of being buried.

• 9 out of 10 avalanches are caused by someone in their party walking or skiing on the wrong type of snow.

• There are an average of 150 deaths each year to avalanches around the world.

• In the vast majority of avalanches, the snow has to be at least 12 inches deep for one to be able to start.

• If someone isn’t killed by an initial wounding in the fall, then they are guaranteed to die from either hypothermia or suffocation.

• Powder snow avalanches can reach speeds of close to 200 mph and can contain several million tons of snow. These are caused in areas where the snow hasn’t had chance to melt and doesn’t stick together, causing a very mobile and powdery snow flow.

• Wet snow avalanches usually don’t even reach 30 mph, but are much more destructive to objects and property. They are so slow because the snow is partially melted together and sticks as it falls down the slope, but they are much denser and therefore many times heavier, making them capable of pushing entire buildings over.

The Big List Of Nasty Disasters: Part Three – How to Survive an Avalanche

In the movie “Avalanche” — starring Rock Hudson and Mia Farrow — a snow-skiing vacation quickly becomes a nightmarish struggle to survive, after an avalanche smashes into the ski resort, trapping the occupants inside.

Unfortunately, the movie isn’t great, but the concept is.

So, what would you do, if an avalanche came crashing your way? Do you know how to survive?

According to the Colorado Avalanche Information Center, “Over the last 10 winters, an average of 27 people died in avalanches each winter in the United States.”

US Fatalities Graph

And the Most Dangerous States are?

Colorado, Montana, Washington, Wyoming, Utah, Alaska, and Idaho — all my favorite states!

Avalanche Types

The graphic below is from Allen & Mikes book. (See bottom of article for this and other recommended books.)

There are two main types, slab (on the left), and sluff release (on the right).

Slab Avalanche

A slab avalanche occurs when a large sheet of snow begins to slide over a wide area. Watch the video below to see an example.

Sluff Avalanche

A sluff avalanche occurs when loose surface snow releases at a point and begins to fan out as it descends.

What Causes An Avalanche, And How To Assess Potential Danger

Three things cause an avalanche: slope, snowpack, and a trigger.

Slope

Avalanches usually occur on slopes greater than 35 degrees.

Snowpack

Recent avalanches, heavy snowfall or rain in the past 24 hours, windblown snow, significant warming or rapidly increasing temperatures, and persistent weak layers are all red flags that a dangerous snowpack condition may exist. Learn to recognize these red flags.

Additional warning signs of a dangerous snowpack: cracking or collapsing snowpack, whumping sounds, and hollow drum-like sounds on hard snow.

A Trigger

It doesn’t take much to trigger an avalanche; people, new snowfall, and the wind are all common triggers.

Measuring Slope

There are three easy ways to measure slope.

ONE: Smartphone apps

TWO: Folding compass with sighting mirror

THREE: Ski poles or other straight poles.

See all three methods demonstrated in this excellent video.

How to Survive an Avalanche

First, always check the US Avalanche Advisory at avalanche.org. Click on the avalanche centers tab to access more detailed information for your area.

Use this guide: By Grant Statham et al. (CAC – Parks Canada) [CC0], via Wikimedia Commons

Twenty-five to thirty percent of fatalities are due to trauma during the slide, and the survival rate when completely buried is only thirty percent.

That’s why the best way to survive an avalanche is to watch it from far, far away.

However, if you decide to disregard this advice, and ride one anyway, here are some tips that might help you stay alive.

Get off the slab, hang on to the downhill side of anything you can grab, and angle to get to the edge of the slide.

Discard skis, poles, or board, if applicable.

Roll on your back with feet pointing downhill.

Thrust some part of your body above the surface as the avalanche slows and try to make airspace around your mouth.

Remain calm if buried and pray that your friends rescue you.

Carry a beacon (also called a transceiver.) Make sure that each person in your party has a beacon such as the Backcountry Access Tracker DTS Avalanche Beacon.

Performing a Rescue

DON’T GO FOR HELP.

You don’t have time. You only have fifteen minutes to perform a successful rescue.

Carefully watch the victim for a last seen point.

Yell for help to alert others in your party or anyone else in the area.

Be cautious. Maintain situational awareness and observe the area to make sure it is safe for you to perform a rescue.

Look for surface clues such as shoes, poles, skis or anything else that might help you locate a buried person.

Listen.

Conduct a beacon search, if equipped with a beacon, as you should be!

Probe around surface clues.

Be prepared to administer first-aid and possibly spend the night out.

Practice rescue before you need it.

Equipment to Carry in Avalanche Country

Essential items

Beacon/Transceiver – If you plan on engaging in activities that could put you in danger, just get a beacon, and hope you never have to use it.

Probe – You can use a probe to measure snowpack depth, as well as to find a buried person.

Sturdy Aluminum Sports Shovel – You’re going to need a shovel to dig your friend out.

Ortovox has an excellent package that includes a beacon, probe, and shovel.

Optional items

The latest research shows that your chances of surviving an avalanche are twice as good if you’re wearing an airbag than if you’re not. The Float 22 features enough volume to stash your climbing skins, a hydration pack, snacks, an extra layer, and, of course, all the avalanche safety essentials. In fact, it has dedicated shovel and probe sleeves so you can quickly access your avalanche rescue tools when the worst happens.

The Black Diamond AvaLung is one of the most significant developments in avalanche safety since the avalanche beacon. It should be a part of every backcountry traveler’s tools.

Many ski resorts are now using the Recco system for added safety. Often the reflector is attached to your ski vest so that search and rescue can find you when you unintentionally go off the cliff. Also, there are a number of ski clothing companies that are embedding reflectors in jackets, pants, boots, and helmets.

However, it must be understood that the reflector is not a beacon or transceiver. It does not send or receive signals, it is a passive device that enhances the radio signals sent by the RECCO detector units used by many search-and-rescue organizations.

There are few things better than the smell of soft, buttery sugar cookies baking in the oven. If you are looking for sugar cookies with a crisp edge and a warm chewy center, make sure to leave out baking soda or baking powder.

Instead, add more sugar and increase the temperature of your oven to get that extra-chewy vanilla delicacy.

Why Is This The Best Sugar Cookie Recipe?

There is an endless battle between soft and fluffy and thin and crispy sugar cookies. For me, the best cookies are those with crispy edges and nice flat shape. I just love cut-out cookies that not only brilliant taste but appearance.

The key is in balancing the crucial ingredients – butter and sugar.

For softer cookies, you will add more butter, and for the crispy ones, you will add more sugar. These two ingredients have the biggest impact on the texture of cookies, even though there is a really a lot more to its since baking is just a big science experience.

Can I Make Sugar Cookies Without Baking Soda Or Powder?

You can! This is a recipe with eggs, and the eggs also act as a leavening agent.

In addition, the cookies will not spread too much as they would with the leavening agent. Another bonus is that you will not have a bad aftertaste some products with baking soda or powder may have.

How To Prevent Cookies From Spreading Apart

Have you ever baked your cookies and ended up with one giant big cookie? Yes, we have all been there. Although that big pile is delicious, it is not very eye-pleasing. So, how can we avoid this?

One of the tricks is to leave out the leavening agent. The leavening agents will make your cookies rise up and spread over the baking sheet.

The second trick is by cooling the dough before baking. Once you have your dough made, you will wrap the dough in a plastic wrap and chill for 1 hour.

After rolling and cutting out the cookies, it is time to chill them for the second time. This second chilling part is shorter and only takes 15 minutes.

This will ensure you have not only the good shape but also the ideal texture. The chilled dough is flakier and with a chewy center.

Will These Cookies Be Flat?

They will be flat as much as you want them to be. It all depends on how much the dough is rolled out.

I always roll out my cookies to ¼-inch thick. Thanks to the egg and a fluffy mix of butter and sugar, the cookies will rise a bit, but will not be tough.

You will get nice and flaky cookies, with a chewy center and crispy edges.

The Science Behind Perfectly Baked Cookies

Butter – butter is a key ingredient for cookies. Not only because it gives rich flavor, but the butter is also the main reason why your cookies will spread. Still, you will want to control that spread. The chilled dough with butter inside will spread slower during the baking time. Also, make sure you stir your butter well, so it is evenly incorporated inside the dough.

Eggs – eggs will provide moisture and water, which will eventually evaporate during the baking. If you want taller cookies, you can add an extra egg white. If you want fudgier cookies, add an extra egg yolk.

Sugar – if you are seeking a crisp cookie then use white sugar. Brown sugar has more moisture and those cookies will be softer. Some like the combo of these too, but it is a matter of personal taste.

Flour – you can use all-purpose or cake flour. I always use all-purpose flour, as cookies made with this type of flour hold better in the terms of shape. The cookies made with cake flour may be softer and often fell apart when being lifted from a cookie sheet.

Measuring – I cannot emphasize enough the importance of measuring. While savory dishes can hold up some mistakes, with desserts, you cannot play around. When making any type of dessert, you must measure everything correctly. This will ensure you have the desired results.

Size – size really matters here. The size impacts the time needed to properly bake the cookies. If you have to bake them for a longer time, they might become too firm and dried out.

Baking – the ideal temperature is around 350F. Anything less will just dry out the cookies, while the higher temperature will burn the sugar inside the cookies.

Cooling – although many people neglect it, cooling is a very important part. The cooling period will allow cookie dough to set up a bit before you can safely transfer them to a serving plate. Always give your cookies some cooling time before serving.

How To Make Sugar Cookies Without Baking Soda Or Powder

Step 1

In a mixing bowl, beat butter and sugar until fluffy.

Step 2

Add egg and vanilla. Beat until smooth.

Step 3

Add flour and salt. Stir until the dough comes together.

Cover the dough with a plastic foil and refrigerate for 1 hour.

Preheat oven to 350F. Line a cookie sheet with parchment paper.

Roll out the dough and cut out using a cookie cutter. I use a 2-inch cookie cutter.

Step 4

Arrange the cookies on a baking sheet and refrigerate for 15 minutes.

Bake the cookies for 8-12 minutes.

Step 5

Cool the cookies on a wire rack before serving.

Many home cooks believe that without adding baking powder to their biscuit batter, they will turn out flat and dense. However, with the easy biscuit recipes without baking powder provided in this post, you can prepare them for all your meals.

Many home cooks believe that without adding baking powder to their biscuit batter, they will turn out flat and dense. However, with the easy biscuit recipes without baking powder provided in this post, you can prepare them for all your meals.

In many households, weekends are the perfect time to sit down with the entire family and enjoy a home-cooked meal. But even during these days, there are other chores and errands to take care of that can restrict you from actually cooking the entire meal from start to finish. Instead of preparing food at home, you end up buying certain items, such as cooked meat, dessert, and/or biscuits, from the supermarket. However, instead of purchasing frozen biscuits from the store and reheating them in the oven or microwave, why not use the following recipes?

• Self-rising flour, 3½ cups
• Milk, 1 cup
• Shortening, ½ cup
• Salt, 1 tsp.

Directions:
Preheat the oven at 425ºF. You need to sift 3 cups of flour in a bowl big enough to make the dough. Next, add the shortening (or lard) in along with salt and mix well. The flour will now be crumbly to touch. After that, start adding milk to the flour and mix thoroughly. Knead the dough properly in the bowl. Sprinkle ½ cup flour on the workstation to knead dough on it and make a roll. Use a biscuit cutter to cut at least 2” balls. Evenly spread the biscuit rounds on a baking sheet and place into the oven for about 12 to 15 minutes. Once the biscuits are golden brown from the outside, remove from the oven, brush butter on top, and serve.

Note: If you don’t have shortening, you can substitute it with lard.

• All-purpose flour, 3 cups
• Buttermilk, 1½ cups
• Vegetable oil, ¾ cup
• Sugar, 1½ tsp.
• Salt, 1½ tsp.
• Cream of tartar, ½ tsp.
• Dry yeast, packet, 1

Directions:
Preheat the oven at 425ºF. In a bowl, mix sift all-purpose flour, dry yeast, sugar, and salt together. Slowly, add the buttermilk along with vegetable oil in with the dry ingredients and mix thoroughly. With your hands, combine all the ingredients together to make the dough. Use a big spoon and scoop out 2″ of the dough onto the baking sheet. Put the baking sheet inside the oven for about 12 to 15 minutes. When the biscuits turn golden brown from the outside take them out. Place a basket and brush the biscuits with butter from the outside. Serve hot.

The preparation for making biscuits without baking powder is similar to the recipes that have the missing ingredient; the only difference is the addition of the rising agent. Apart from cream of tartar and dry yeast, you can even use a Bisquick mixture to bake the biscuits.

by Robin March 31, 2021, 7:35 pm

Easy to make soft and buttery sugar cookies and no baking soda needed! This fast cookie recipe offers the perfect warm soft center and crispy buttery edges of a classic sugar cookie recipe.

When it’s holiday season I make more sugar cookies than I can count! And I have run out of baking soda a time or two. That led me to learning how to make these delicious cookies!

If you’re like me, you don’t always have time to make an extra run to the grocery store when you run out of an ingredient for a recipe. And that’s why learning how to alter your recipe to fit the ingredients on hand is such a valuable skill.

And in the case of making sugar cookies when you don’t have any baking soda, you have to up your sugar and your baking temp.

No baking soda? No problem

This recipe is ideal for cutting out shapes. It makes a thinner sugar cookie that is great for holiday decorating.

It offers a buttery crisp edge and a soft and chewy center that is a real crowd pleaser wherever I bring them.

By getting your butter and sugar content just right, you can also create this delicious cookie.

And we will use an egg as our leavening agent.

This recipe takes under a half an hour to make and it yields a dozen cookies.

Ingredients

• 1 Medium Egg
• 1 tsp. Pure Vanilla Extract
• 1 1/4 Cups All-Purpose Flour
• 1/2 Cup Sugar
• 1/2 Cup Butter
• 1/3 tsp. Salt

Add your pure vanilla extract and egg to a mixing bowl and mix until combined. Gradually add you salt and all-purpose flour and mix until your dough is well combined.

Use plastic wrap to cover your bowl and chill in your refrigerator for an hour.

Before your cookie dough is done chilling preheat your oven to 350 degrees and line you baking sheet with parchment paper.

When your dough is done chilling roll it out to desired thickness and cut out shapes.

Place your cookies on your parchment paper lined cookie sheet and pop in the oven for 9-12 minutes.

Remove from oven and cool on wire rack.

Decorate or serve and enjoy!

Traditional Sugar Cookies Without Baking Soda

Equipment

Ingredients

• 1 Medium Egg
• 1 tsp. Pure Vanilla Extract
• 1¼ Cups All-Purpose Flour
• ½ Cup Granulated Sugar
• ½ Cup Butter Room Temperature
• ⅓ tsp. Salt

Instructions

Notes

• These cookies are perfect for decorating with icing, frosting or your favorite sugar cookie topping.
• They also taste great without any toppings.
• Store in an airtight container for up to five days.

Nutrition

Tried this recipe? Let us know how it was!

Sugar Cookie FAQ

How do I prevent my cookies from spreading into each other while baking?

If you are having too much spread while baking and your cookies are stuck together there are a couple ways to prevent this from happening.

The most common reason for this is not chilling your dough before baking. Make sure to chill your dough for one hour.

Then after cutting out your shapes, chill your dough for another fifteen minutes before baking.

The other solution to this issue is to leave out your leavening agent. The leavening agent is what allows your dough to rise and spread while baking.

Before doing this make sure you’ve chilled your dough long enough.

Can sugar cookies be made without baking soda or baking powder?

Of course! That’s exactly what this recipe does. This recipe substitutes an egg for your baking soda.

Can I substitute baking powder for baking soda?

Yes. Baking powder is a combination of baking soda and cream of tartar. To substitute, use 3 tsp. of baking powder for each tsp of soda.

Do the cookies come out flat in this recipe?

The height of your sugar cookies depends on how thin you roll out your dough. I usually roll this sugar cookie dough out to 1/3″ to 1/4″ thick. It produces a great texture.

Sugar Cookie Ingredient Notes

We are using eggs to help our cookies rise. While not as effective as baking soda, it will provide enough lift for our cookies. You can add a second egg for a little more height if you wish. I would not recommend any more than two eggs for this recipe.

It is important to use room temperature butter while mixing but a cooled butter will prevent over spreading during baking. That is why it is so important to chill your dough before baking.

This recipe just calls for granulated sugar but you can use brown sugar instead, or a combination of the two. Adding brown sugar to your recipe will increase your cookie softness while white sugar creates a firmer cookie.

Neither is strictly correct, at the end of the day it depends on what texture you prefer.

I recommend using all purpose flour when baking cookies. Your cookies will hold up and be less crumbly. But you can use cake flour if that is all your have on hand. Keep in mind though that your cookies will not hold their shape as well. This can lead to breakage, especially during decorating.

When measuring all of your ingredients be precise. Ratio of ingredients is very important in your cookies taste and texture. Be sure to double check your measurements while following this recipe.

When baking, watch your cookies closely to ensure they don’t burn. The baking time offered is a range because exact oven temperature vary and the thickness of your cookies alters baking time.

Remove your cookies when edges show light brown. And always cool your cookies on a cooling rack before serving or decorating.

Consider cooling a part of the baking process. This is when your cookies set, so do not skip the cooling step.

It is possible to make cookies without baking soda or baking powder , but the resulting cookie will be dense. This is because carbon dioxide is not being produced by a chemical reaction that typically occurs when baking soda or powder is present in the cookie batter.

How do you make sugar cookies from scratch without baking soda?

Basic Baking Soda -Free Sugar Cookie Dough 2 ½ cups (350 g) all-purpose flour, sifted. ¼ teaspoon (1 g) salt. 1 cup (227 g) butter, softened to room temperature. 1 cup (200 g) granulated sugar . 1 large egg. 1 ½ teaspoons (7 ½ ml) vanilla extract.

What can u use instead of baking soda in cookies?

Since baking soda is an ingredient of baking powder , baking powder is technically the best substitute for baking soda . Gan — who noted that any substitutions may change the texture and flavor of the final dish — recommended using three times the amount of baking powder in lieu of baking soda .

Do cookies really need baking soda?

In addition, baking powder produces a slightly different texture in cookies than baking soda does . While baking soda will create a coarse, chewy cookie texture, baking powder will produce a light, fine cookie texture. To achieve the best cookie results, use a double-acting baking powder as a substitute.

What can I use if I don’t have baking powder or baking soda?

Plain yogurt has an acidic pH, which makes it a perfect substitute for baking powder when mixed with baking soda . Plain yogurt works best over other varieties because it provides the acidity needed for leavening without adding flavor.

Is baking soda or baking powder better for cookies?

1. Unless you want cakey cookies , avoid using baking powder : The cookies made with both the single- and double-acting baking powders were just too darn cakey. 2. Baking soda helps cookies spread more than baking powder .

Can I bake without baking soda?

If you don’t have baking soda , you can use baking powder , at three times what the recipe calls for. So if a recipe calls for one teaspoon of baking soda , you can use three teaspoons of baking powder . Baking powder also contains a little bit of salt, so it’s also a good idea to halve the salt the recipe calls for.

What ingredients do you need to make cookies from scratch?

Ingredients 2 ¾ cups all-purpose flour . 1 teaspoon baking soda . ½ teaspoon baking powder. 1 cup butter , softened. 1 ½ cups white sugar. 1 egg. 1 teaspoon vanilla extract .

How do you make cookies chewy?

Most cookie recipes call for at least one egg. You can try omitting the white of each egg, which tends to dry out when baked, and replacing it with an additional yolk Plus, egg yolks have more fat than egg whites, which helps to keep your cookies moist and chewy . You can try using baking powder instead of baking soda.

Can I use cornstarch instead of baking powder?

Make Your Own Baking Powder Substitute Making your own baking powder substitute is really easy. This will give you 1 teaspoon of baking powder . However, if you’re planning on storing your DIY baking powder , then you’ll have to mix ¼ teaspoon of cornstarch to the same ratio.

How important is baking soda in cookies?

When added to dough, baking soda releases a carbon dioxide gas which helps leaven the dough, creating a soft, fluffy cookie . Baking soda is generally used in recipes that contain an acidic ingredient such as vinegar, sour cream or citrus.

Does baking powder make cookies spread?

Baking powder puffs (rises). Baking soda spreads .

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If you’ve ever taken a home economics class, you already know that certain ingredients work together to produce certain effects in the foods we cook and this is especially true when you bake something in the oven.

Though only a chemist can tell you exactly what is going on when you mix flour, baking soda, salt, and other ingredients together then place them in the oven, it’s easy to tell that something amazing is happening and it takes every one of those ingredients to get great results.

What Is Baking Soda and How Does it Work?

Before we go any further, let’s first talk about baking soda. What is baking soda and why is it included in so many baking recipes?

Baking soda is also known as sodium bicarbonate or bicarbonate of soda, which is a chemical compound that is found in crystalline form. Manufacturers crush the compound into a fine powder before selling it in its current form, in part because it is both easier to measure and easier to use that way.

Although they may not realize it, people include baking soda in their recipes because it is a good leavening agent. Baking soda is an alkaline compound that has to be combined with an acid to produce the results that you’re looking for.

When baking soda is mixed together with ingredients such as lemon juice, cream of tartar, vinegar, or buttermilk, for example, it produces a gas called carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide makes small bubbles that get trapped in the batter and cause it to rise.

Baking soda also produces gas when exposed to high temperatures, which cause it to decompose and then produce the gas. This happens every time that the mixture of baking soda and other ingredients is exposed to temperatures above 80 degrees Celsius, or 176 degrees Fahrenheit.

Baking Soda and Cookies

And if you think that baking soda isn’t an important ingredient in your cookies, think again.

If you were to skip the baking soda when mixing together ingredients for your cookie recipe or skip the acid to go along with the baking soda, not only would the cookies not rise but you would also experience cookies that are soapy and metallic in taste. So as you can see, baking soda is a very important ingredient when making cookies.

Without baking soda, your cookies would not be soft and fluffy and both their taste and their texture would suffer. Of course, baking soda only does this when combined with an acidic ingredient such as vinegar or lemon juice, which is another tip to keep in mind.

Baking soda and baking powder are not interchangeable so never use one of these ingredients when the recipe calls for the other.

In addition to all of this, baking soda raises the pH level of the batter, which helps the cookies brown the perfect amount and turn out a beautiful color. It also affects the texture of the cookie, which is why cookie recipes almost always call for either baking soda or baking powder — and sometimes both.

Of course, to get these results, you have to make sure that you add only the amount of soda or powder called for in the recipe — no more, no less.

Tips to Remember When Using Baking Soda in Cookies

You’ll notice that a lot of cookie recipes and recipes for other baked goods require baking soda and now that you know a few basic rules regarding this important ingredient, you have a better understanding of why this is so.

To get the absolute best cookies when the recipe calls for baking soda, keep in mind the following tips:

• If you want your cookies to turn out chewy and tender, you can add a little bit of baking powder to the recipe. You cannot eliminate some of the other ingredients but adding just a touch of baking powder to the mixture will make your cookies and other baked goods even yummier.
• When your cookie recipe calls for baking soda, make sure that you mix up the ingredients quickly and put them in the oven as soon as possible. In other words, don’t let the mixture just sit around for too long because if you do, the reaction you’re hoping for won’t happen and the cookies will turn out flat.
• Make sure that you follow the recipe exactly as it is written. When you bake something, just one alteration on your part, whether intentional or not, can cause the final product to come out too fluffy, too crisp, or, worse, flavorless.

The Differences Between Baking Soda and Baking Powder

Despite what some people might think, baking soda and baking powder are not the same thing, which is one of the reasons why they cannot be used interchangeably. Baking soda is an alkaline that has to be combined with an acid in order to act as a leavening agent.

Acids essentially have lower pH levels than alkalines and when the two ingredients work together, that’s when the carbon dioxide is released in an attempt to get to a neutral pH value.

On the other hand, baking powder is baking soda to which two different acids have already been added, which means that no acid has to be added to it in order to produce the leavening effect.

In other words, baking powder is a leavening agent on its own, which is why nothing has to be added to it to enjoy that effect.

If you don’t have any baking powder and your recipe calls for it, you can make your own baking powder by combining one part baking soda to two parts cream of tartar, which is an acid that will work with the baking soda to create the leavening effect.

Although soda and powder cannot be used interchangeably, this combination with work in a pinch.

Final Thoughts

Baking soda is a very important ingredient when baking cookies because it affects the taste, the texture, and the overall look of the cookies. When you follow the recipe exactly as written, you’ll get yummy, fluffy cookies every time.

To make sugar cookies without using baking powder, bakers use baking soda instead. Both products are leaveners, and sugar cookies made with this substitution are indistinguishable from those made with baking powder. However, baking powder is not an acceptable substitute for baking soda.

Sugar cookie recipes that call for baking powder work equally well when the baker substitutes an identical amount of baking soda. Cream of tartar is another useful addition. According to celebrity chef and cookbook author Paula Deen, the proper proportions for this substitution are one part baking soda per two parts cream of tartar. This produces light, soft and delicate cookies. Another excellent approach to making sugar cookies without baking powder is to use an equal mixture of baking soda and vinegar. These ingredients foam vigorously when combined, creating microscopic air pockets in the dough. This technique also works in many cake recipes. White and cider vinegars work equally well, and raspberry vinegar adds a delicious hint of fruity flavor.

Bakers who want to bake sugar cookies without baking powder or baking soda often proceed with the recipe and simply leave the baking powder out. This works best for cookies that are normally light and airy but taste equally delicious with a dense, chewy texture. America’s Test Kitchen reveals that this strategy is only appropriate for recipes that contain eggs, because they also bind the ingredients and expand during baking.

Sugar cookies appeal to a wide audience because of their simple sweet, vanilla flavor. Sugar cookies can also be shaped and decorated for any possible occasion or celebration, proving to be a fun and interactive activity for kids too. A classic sugar cookie includes flour, butter, eggs, sugar, leavening and, usually, vanilla extract. Even if you’re fresh out of vanilla extract, you can whip up a batch of puffy, delicate sugar cookies to serve dusted with sugar or decorated to celebrate whatever the occasion might be. Try swapping in cinnamon sugar, vanilla sugar or vanilla instant pudding to the cookie dough while mixing to achieve a similar taste to that of vanilla extract.

Total Time: 2 hours, 30 minutes | Prep Time: 2 hours | Serves: 3 dozen

Ingredients

• 3 cups all-purpose flour
• 1 teaspoon baking soda
• 1/2 teaspoon salt
• 1 1/4 cups granulated sugar
• 1 cup, or 2 sticks, unsalted butter, softened
• 2 eggs
• 1 teaspoon almond, coconut, lemon or orange extract OR 2 teaspoons vanilla paste

Directions

1. Sift the flour and baking soda into a large bowl and set it aside.
2. Use an electric mixer on low to medium speed to cream the eggs and sugar; the mixture should turn a light yellow and have a fluffy texture. Beat in the eggs and flavoring extract or vanilla paste until fully incorporated.
3. Put the mixer on a low speed, and add the flour mixture gradually, approximately a cup at a time. Scrape down the sides of the bowl to ensure the batter is fully mixed.
4. Shape the dough into a flattened disc; wrap it in plastic wrap and refrigerate for two hours.
5. Heat the oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit.
6. Remove the dough from the refrigerator and shape it into one and a half inch balls.
7. Place the cookie dough balls on a greased or lined cookie sheet roughly two inches apart.
8. Bake for six to eight minutes until the cookies are lightly brown in color.
9. Transfer the baked cookies to a wire rack to cool.
10. If decorating with icing, allow cookies to completely cool before icing to prevent the icing from melting and running off the top of the cookies.

Tips for Shaping Cookies

To use the dough for rolled and cut cookies, shape the batter into two discs. Leave one in the refrigerator until you’ve rolled out the first batch.

For simple sugar cookies, slightly flatten the dough balls and sprinkle with decorator’s sugar before baking. If you plan to frost, glaze or decorate the cookies, cool them completely first, or the icing may melt.

Warnings for Flavoring Cookies

Flavored extracts tend to have a more intense flavor than vanilla extract. To avoid an overwhelming flavor, consider adding almond, coconut or citrus extracts in just one-quarter teaspoon increments at a time, and mix thoroughly. Almond extract tends to be a popular substitute for vanilla extra because it lends a familiar homemade taste like the flavor of vanilla. When adding extract, taste the batter after each addition. If you do plan on sampling the batter, use pasteurized eggs to avoid potential exposure to food-borne illness.

Another way to add the flavor of vanilla to sugar cookie dough without vanilla extract is to use vanilla sugar. Vanilla sugar can be made easily at home when the sugar called for in the recipe is placed in a self-sealing bag with two scraped vanilla bean pods. Allow the sugar to sit in the bag with the vanilla for up to two days for the sugar to fully absorb the aromatics of the vanilla. This will lend at least the smell of vanilla, though the taste may not be particularly strong.

These soft, thick, and pillowy no roll sugar cookies are perfect for when you need to whip up cookies in a pinch. No rolling pin or cookie cutters needed! Enjoy them plain or top with my delicious cream cheese frosting for cookies and then decorate with colored frosting and sprinkles for any occasion!

Ever since making my soft & thick lemon sugar cookies, I’ve been itching to try a vanilla version. So when I impulsed purchased a bottle of fancy vanilla extract, I decided it was time to give them a try.

Made using real butter and an extra egg yolk for softness, these no roll sugar cookies are melt-in-your-mouth delicious. While I believe there’s a time and a place for cut out sugar cookies, nothing can beat a warm fluffy sugar cookie straight out of the oven. Even my sister who isn’t a big fan of sweets said, “I don’t even usually like sugar cookies, but these are the best ones I’ve had”.

What You Need to Make No Roll Sugar Cookies

• Butter
• Granulated Sugar & Powdered Sugar
• Vanilla Extract
• Eggs
• Baking Powder & Baking Soda
• Salt
• Flour
• Optional: Cream Cheese Frosting for Sugar Cookies

How to Make No Roll Sugar Cookies

Step 1: Mix Dough

Mix dough according to instructions in recipe card (below). The dough should be soft, yet hold its form.

Step 2: Scoop Dough

Immediately after mixing, scoop dough into 3-tablespoon sized balls using a measuring spoon or cookie scoop. Lightly flatten each ball before placing on cookie sheet.

Important: Because this contains melted butter, do not let the dough sit out before rolling into balls & baking or your dough will become dry and crumbly. For this reason, scoop and roll all the cookies at one time. If you only have one baking tray, simply set the rolled balls to the side until the first batch finishes baking.

Step 3: Bake & Cool

Bake cookies then allow to cool on the hot baking sheet for 10 minutes before transferring them to a cooling rack. This will help them finish baking through.

Step 4: (If you are adding frosting)

Once the cookies are completely cooled, top with cream cheese frosting and finish off with sprinkles, if desired.

Frequently Asked Questions:

Can you freeze these sugar cookies?

Yes! Simply place the cooled cookies in a gallon-sized freezer bag or plastic container and freeze for up to 1 month. Learn how to freeze sugar cookies for the best freshness.

Any ideas to gift these cookies?

These roll out sugar cookies (unfrosted) would be perfect for gifting in my printable cookie pouches! Before slipping the cookies in the paper pouches, wrap each cookie with plastic wrap.

No Roll Sugar Cookies

These soft, thick, and pillowy no roll sugar cookies are perfect for when you need to whip up cookies in a pinch. No rolling pin or cookie cutters needed! Enjoy them plain or top with my delicious cream cheese frosting for cookies and then decorate with colored frosting and sprinkles for any occasion!

What Is the Correct Format for Addresses When Mailing in the United .

When you address an envelope, using ATTN for “Attention” is optional, and it doesn’t provide any special examination or treatment by the U. S. Postal Service. If you decide to add ATTN to your address, however, be sure to put it in the recommended USPS attention line. Hint: It’s not where you might think it is.

TL;DR (Too Long; Didn’t Read)

If you’re using ATTN on an envelope, put it on the first line of the address in front of the individual’s name, on the line above the company name. Don’t include any punctuation.

Position ATTN Correctly in an Address

If you do decide to add the word “Attention” or the acronym for it, ATTN, when addressing a letter to an individual at a business, the USPS guidelines for addressing envelopes recommend putting it in the first line of the address, which the USPS calls the attention line or recipient line. An example address with an attention line and address lines that are formatted as recommended by the USPS is:

ATTN MS SUSAN BLAKE
VERY LARGE COMPANY
678 COMPANY DRIVE
PITTSBURGH PA 15217-1124

The same address without ATTN would correctly show only MS SUSAN BLAKE on the USPS attention line. Many people mistakenly place the ATTN at the bottom left of the envelope, presumably to draw additional notice to it. That may have worked when humans handled all mail before addresses were read by machinery, but today’s multiline optical-character readers (MLOCRs) at the USPS do not recognize a line in that position.

Follow Standards to Save Money and Time

The USPS worked with business groups to arrive at standard abbreviations and ways of addressing envelopes that are universally understood and easily read by MLOCRs. The goal is to increase efficiency and accuracy in mail delivery. Both The USPS and businesses save money if mail does not have to be studied by human eyes or handled multiple times.

Additionally, certain practices save businesses money in mailings. For example, using Zip+4, the zip code plus the four-digit assigned code, produces a barcode that, when used, provides a discount to the mailer. The USPS has found that most businesses do not take advantage of such discounts because their mailings do not follow the recommended standards. These standards are only guidelines, not mandates, so mailers are not required to use them.

An exception is that MLOCRs can only read a maximum of 40 characters and eight words per line. Exceed either one, and the MLOCR ignores the line altogether.

Apply Common Standards to Increase Accuracy

Using standard abbreviations and practices for business mailings — many of which apply to residential mailings also — increases prompt and accurate delivery. The preferred address format eliminates all punctuation except for the hyphen in zip+4. That means no colon after ATTN.

The preferred way to write addresses is to use all caps throughout. It is fine to spell out the address completely, but if you’re going to abbreviate, use these standard abbreviations:

• Two-letter state abbreviations: PA instead of Penn.
• Directions: N, S, E, W, NE, SW
• Roads: ST, DR, LN, AVE
• Suite/Apartment: STE/APT
• PO BOX 34

Do you receive duplicate mailings from some companies? To keep this from occurring, make sure your business uses the exact same address in all its mailings. Using alternate versions of your address — even those that differ by a single letter — can result in different addresses on mailing lists and subsequent duplicates of mailings. It’s not so bad when the duplicate is another discount code, but when you end up with several accounts and are billed twice for membership fees or receive multiple fundraising pleas, it can be annoying as well as confusing.

What Is the Correct Format for Addresses When Mailing in the United .

When you address an envelope, using ATTN for “Attention” is optional, and it doesn’t provide any special examination or treatment by the U. S. Postal Service. If you decide to add ATTN to your address, however, be sure to put it in the recommended USPS attention line. Hint: It’s not where you might think it is.

TL;DR (Too Long; Didn’t Read)

If you’re using ATTN on an envelope, put it on the first line of the address in front of the individual’s name, on the line above the company name. Don’t include any punctuation.

Position ATTN Correctly in an Address

If you do decide to add the word “Attention” or the acronym for it, ATTN, when addressing a letter to an individual at a business, the USPS guidelines for addressing envelopes recommend putting it in the first line of the address, which the USPS calls the attention line or recipient line. An example address with an attention line and address lines that are formatted as recommended by the USPS is:

ATTN MS SUSAN BLAKE
VERY LARGE COMPANY
678 COMPANY DRIVE
PITTSBURGH PA 15217-1124

The same address without ATTN would correctly show only MS SUSAN BLAKE on the USPS attention line. Many people mistakenly place the ATTN at the bottom left of the envelope, presumably to draw additional notice to it. That may have worked when humans handled all mail before addresses were read by machinery, but today’s multiline optical-character readers (MLOCRs) at the USPS do not recognize a line in that position.

Follow Standards to Save Money and Time

The USPS worked with business groups to arrive at standard abbreviations and ways of addressing envelopes that are universally understood and easily read by MLOCRs. The goal is to increase efficiency and accuracy in mail delivery. Both The USPS and businesses save money if mail does not have to be studied by human eyes or handled multiple times.

Additionally, certain practices save businesses money in mailings. For example, using Zip+4, the zip code plus the four-digit assigned code, produces a barcode that, when used, provides a discount to the mailer. The USPS has found that most businesses do not take advantage of such discounts because their mailings do not follow the recommended standards. These standards are only guidelines, not mandates, so mailers are not required to use them.

An exception is that MLOCRs can only read a maximum of 40 characters and eight words per line. Exceed either one, and the MLOCR ignores the line altogether.

Apply Common Standards to Increase Accuracy

Using standard abbreviations and practices for business mailings — many of which apply to residential mailings also — increases prompt and accurate delivery. The preferred address format eliminates all punctuation except for the hyphen in zip+4. That means no colon after ATTN.

The preferred way to write addresses is to use all caps throughout. It is fine to spell out the address completely, but if you’re going to abbreviate, use these standard abbreviations:

• Two-letter state abbreviations: PA instead of Penn.
• Directions: N, S, E, W, NE, SW
• Roads: ST, DR, LN, AVE
• Suite/Apartment: STE/APT
• PO BOX 34

Do you receive duplicate mailings from some companies? To keep this from occurring, make sure your business uses the exact same address in all its mailings. Using alternate versions of your address — even those that differ by a single letter — can result in different addresses on mailing lists and subsequent duplicates of mailings. It’s not so bad when the duplicate is another discount code, but when you end up with several accounts and are billed twice for membership fees or receive multiple fundraising pleas, it can be annoying as well as confusing.

Table of Contents

How do you address an envelope with ATTN?

Addressing the Envelope. Write “Attn” followed by the name of the recipient. The “Attn” line should always appear at the very top of your delivery address, just before the name of the person you’re sending it to. Use a colon after “Attn” to make it clearly readable.

Where does the attention line go on an envelope?

The Attention Line is placed above the Recipient Line, that is, above the name of the firm to which the mailpiece is directed.

What does ATTN on an envelope mean?

What is the attention line in a letter?

Attention line is the part of the recipient address in a letter or on an envelope which names the person to whom the letter should be handed to. Subject line is the part in a letter which refers to a particular subject, like a recent call and its date and something that has been discussed, like an order ect.

How do you write an attention line in a business letter?

This line begins with Attention of, Attention or Attn. , ends with a colon and is placed flush with the left margin. It indicates the intended recipient within the organization when the letter is addressed to the organization or to the intended recipient’s superior.

How do you write an envelope with CO?

How do I use it? Write the recipient’s name on the first line, as you do with most letters. Start the second line with “c/o” followed by the person or company name associated with the address you are using

What is C O full form?

You write c/o before an address on an envelope when you are sending it to someone who is staying or working at that address, often for only a short time. c/o is an abbreviation for ‘care of’. …

What does address line 1 mean?

Address line 1 should contain the primary address information. Address line 1 should contain the primary address information and secondary address information (e.g., floor, suite or mail stop number) on one line. Address line 2 should contain the building/dorm or school name.

What does C O mean in legal terms?

What does C O stand for in real estate?

One of the documents you need to look up is the Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) and it shouldn’t be overlooked

What does C O stand for on mail?

What does C O mean in property?

“c/o” on a deed or in any writing is an abbreviation for “in care of” and is used (for example) to direct delivery to A at B’s address. As such, it has little or nothing to do with conveying rights

Can a property have two owners?

Co-ownership, or joint ownership, is when two or more persons hold title to the same property. Tenants-in-common: When two or more people hold the title of a property but their share is not specifically mentioned, it is known as ‘tenancy-in-common’. The property goes to the person named in the will of the deceased

What is the difference between co-ownership and joint ownership?

Joint owners have rights that are defined by the type of ownership method chosen. The term “co-owner” implies that more than one person has an ownership percentage of the property. Joint ownership, in its three common forms, refines and defines the rights of the co-owners.

How do you share ownership of property?

To create a joint tenancy, the conveyance must at the same time, convey the same title, to the same interest in property, with the same right of equal possession. A conveyance that fails to convey all four “unities” (time, title, interest, and possession) creates a tenancy in common, the default form of co-ownership.

What does joint ownership of a property mean?

Joint ownership means that two or more people are the legal owners of the property. Usually, joint owners are liable for the whole of the payments for any joint loans secured on the property, and decisions about the property are made by all the joint owners

Can I sell my share of a jointly owned property?

If you are joint tenants, you each own an equal share. Each tenant can sell or give away his share. If you want to sell the home with a tenant in common, you both must agree to sell your shares. The sale proceeds are divided based on the owner’s interest.

What happens if one co owner wants to sell the property and the other doesn t?

If you want to sell the house and your co-owner doesn’t, you can sell your share. Your co-owner probably won’t like this option, however, unless they know and feel comfortable with their new co-owner. Co-owners usually have the right to sell their share of the property, but this right is suspended for the marital home.

How can I get my shares out of joint property?

According to the law prevailing in some areas, a coparcener of a Hindu Joint Family can alienate his share in the Joint Family Property for consideration. Such a coparcener is a legally competent person. But in some cases of Mitakshara coparcenary, the consent of other coparceners is required before any such transfer.

Can a house be sold without both signatures?

Both you and your co-owner can sell your share of the house to anyone at any time. You cannot, however, sell the entire house unless you both agree. If one or both of you decide to sell, the question of how much each of you owns becomes important — it determines what you have to sell and how to divide the profits.

Can you sell a house if one partner refuses?

You may decide to sell your property without the consent of your spouse. When accepting an offer, you’ll need signatures from everyone on the grant deed. If that includes a spouse who refuses to sign off on the sale, the transaction cannot close. ..

Can your wife kick you out of your own house?

In California, it is possible to legally force your spouse to move out of your home and stay away for a certain length of time. One can only get such a court order, however, if he or she shows assault or threats of assault in an emergency or the potential for physical or emotional harm in a non-emergency.

What happens if you split up and have a mortgage?

After you’ve separated, it’s important to still keep repaying the mortgage on time, even if you’re still deciding what to do. A joint mortgage means you’re both liable for the mortgage until it has been completely paid off – regardless of whether you still live in the property

What’s the difference between a title and a deed?

The Difference Between A Title And A Deed A deed is an official written document declaring a person’s legal ownership of a property, while a title refers to the concept of ownership rights. A deed, on the other hand, can (and must!) be in your physical possession after you purchase property.

How long does it take to remove a name from title deeds?

It usually takes four to six weeks to complete the legal processes involved in the transfer of title.

Can I put my son’s name on house title?

Title Issues Adding a child’s name to a deed gives him or her an ownership interest in your home. As a result, you cannot sell the home or refinance your mortgage without your child’s permission. Technically speaking, your child could even sell his or her share of the property without your consent

How to Address Mail With ATTN

When mailing an envelope to a business address it is always best to be able to mark it to a specific person’s attention. The majority of mail received by a business is processed through a mailing room. If it is not clearly addressed to a specific person your mail will be sent to a general department and then resorted again.

It may or may not wind up in the right hands in a timely manner. Knowing how to add an “attention” to a mailing envelope in such a way as it neither confuses the address for the postal service and delays delivery, and so it provides direction to the mailing room of the business is essential to getting your envelope into the right hands at the right time.

Ensure You Have the Correct Name and Spelling

Consult the personnel directory of the business or school you are mailing your envelope to and make sure you have the correct name and spelling of the person to whom you need to mark the envelope. If you do not have a directory, call the main switchboard of the place you are mailing it to and ask them for the name and correct spelling.

Address Your Envelope

Address your envelope. Place your return address in the upper left hand corner and the address it is being mailed to centered on the envelope. The address you are mailing to should be written in a larger type then the return address. Both addresses should be printed in all capital letters with permanent ink (either pen or marker).

Add “Attention” or “ATTN” on the Envelope

Mark the envelope to the specific person’s attention. To do this print “ATTN” or “ATTENTION” above the first line of the address it is being mailed to and then write the person’s name after it in all capital letters. So, if your are marking an envelope to John Doe’s attention, above the first line of the mailing address you would right “ATTN JOHN DOE” or “ATTENTION JOHN DOE.”

For added surety that your correspondence goes to the right person use an extra envelope. Type or print the persons name on the center of the front face of the envelope, place your correspondence inside this envelope and then place the envelope inside the one that you will put the mailing address on and postage. This way if the wrong person opens it they will immediately know who it needs to go to.

Warnings

Envelopes that do not include the proper mailing address and zip code will not be delivered in a timely manner if they are delivered at all. Make sure you have all of the correct information before posting your envelope.

Jupiterimages/Polka Dot/Getty Images

How to Add an Attention on Mailing Envelopes

Addressing an envelope may seem like a simple task, but a small mistake might mean your letter is not received by the intended recipient. If you are writing a letter to an individual at a large organization such as a company or a school, it’s important to address the envelope to their attention. The United States Postal Services recommends that you do this with an “Attention” line, which should be the first line of the address.

Write “Attn” and the recipient’s name on the center of the envelope. For example: “Attn Jane Smith.”

Write the organization name below the recipient’s name, such as “Hartford Bank” or “Green Elementary School.”

Write the street address of the organization below its name, such as “123 Black St.”

Write the city, state abbreviation and zip code below the street address, such as “Hartwood, WA 98001.”

You can write the recipient’s name larger than the rest of the address, so it stands out.

Have you gotten out of the habit of sending snail mail and stress out about the simple act of addressing an envelope? That’s what happens when you haven’t done it in a while, but don’t let it stop you from putting a pen to paper and mailing something that requires a stamp.

It’s important to put the intended recipient’s and sender’s addresses in the correct spots on the envelope. Double check the recipient’s address to make sure you have the correct one.

Whether you’re doing business through the postal service or mailing someone a love letter, you need to know the proper way to address the envelope. Sometimes you’re required to send hardcopy business correspondence through the mail. While sending messages and thank you notes via email has become acceptable, even better etiquette is to send a handwritten note.

Simple Steps

In some cases, it’s fine to send email, but there are occasions when you’ll want to use an old fashioned method of correspondence. Whether you’re mailing an invitation, thank you note, or a letter, you’ll need to include some basic information on the envelope to ensure that it reaches its destination in a timely manner.

Addressing an envelope isn’t difficult if you understand some of the basics. The USPS needs to know the destination as well as where the piece of mail is coming from in case there’s a problem with the delivery and it has to be returned.

The purpose of having guidelines for addressing the envelope is to make the postal workers’ jobs easier in sorting and delivering the mail. If you get too creative, you’ll slow the carrier down and may even risk having your letter go to the wrong address. Please save your creativity for what is inside for the sake of the USPS.

Also make sure you write clearly to make the address easy to read. Using cursive or an italics font can put a strain on the carrier’s eyes.

General Guidelines for U.S. Mail

Most of the time you can fall back on the general recommended rules of addressing your envelope, whether you are sending a business letter or a thank you note. In the upper left-hand corner, you’ll need the sender’s name on the top line, the street address or post office box on the second line, and the city, state and zip on the third line.

In the center of the envelope, you should put the name of the intended recipient on the top line, his or her street address on the next line, and the city, state and zip on the third line – exactly how you would write the sender’s information. However, you may need an additional line for the name of the company or unit of the address such as an apartment or suite number.

You’ll want to add any titles such as “Dr.” or “Ms.” if you know that the recipient prefers to be addressed as such. You should also do this when sending to an elderly person or someone in a position of authority to show respect.

In some cases, such as when a woman lives alone, people prefer not to have their full first names on the outside of an envelope. You may use an initial, such as “M. Peabody.” This makes the name less gender specific and may give the person a more secure feeling of anonymity.

If the recipient is temporarily staying in someone else’s home or you are concerned that the USPS may not deliver the mail with an unfamiliar name, you may add a note beneath the recipient’s name that this is in care of someone who lives at this address. For example, you may use “C/O John Smith” on the line beneath “Mildred Thomas.”

Sample Address

Emma Smith
456 NW Silver Street
Apt 3N
Seattle, WA 98126

Business Letter Rules

When sending a business letter, you’ll need to maintain professional etiquette throughout the entire process. Start with the general guidelines and add a couple more pieces of information.

After the recipient’s name, add his or her position, such as “Director of Marketing.” Try to do this on the same line as the name, but if there isn’t enough room, you may move the title down to the next line.

Beneath that, add the name of the company, followed by the address as directed in the general guidelines above. If you’re unsure of the recipient’s name, you may write “Attn: Director of Marketing.”

Sample Address

Sydney Johnson, Creative Director
Smith & Co.
800 Ocean Avenue
Floor 10
Los Angeles, CA 90021

Mail to Overseas Military Installations

When you send a letter to a person in the military stationed overseas, use the same general guidelines with a few additions. You’ll want to add the recipient’s rank and full name. The unit or squadron number should go on the second line.

The next line should include APO or FPO, according to where the person is stationed, followed by the abbreviation of the region. The last line should include the name or abbreviation of the country in caps. Always add the full postal code to make sure it reaches the intended destination.

Sample Address

SGT Marcus Rosa
Unit 345 Box 21
APO AA 92136

Address Rules for Mailing to Other Countries

The general rules for addressing an envelope for European or other overseas destinations are similar. Start with the recipient’s name and title on the first line, followed by the street address on the second, the city, province, and state with the postal code on the next line. The last line should have the name of the country in all caps. Beneath your return address, you should include “U.S.A.”

Sample Address

Andrea Jimenez
Carrer de la Pau 15
46001 Valencia (Alicante)
SPAIN

by Kimberly Hampton / in Lifestyle

Using the attention line correctly when addressing an envelope is more than good business writing etiquette. It helps guarantee that your mail is delivered to your intended recipient.

Write the “attention” line first. This is written with the abbreviation ATTN. Note that there is no punctuation mark with the abbreviation. The attention line always precedes the name of the company.

Write the name of the company or organisation where your recipient is located.

ABC COMPANY INC.

Write the street address, including any suite numbers, on the next line.

• ATTN JOE SMITH Write the name of the company or organisation where your recipient is located.
• Write the street address, including any suite numbers, on the next line.

• ATTN JOE SMITH Write the name of the company or organisation where your recipient is located.
• Write the street address, including any suite numbers, on the next line.

• ATTN JOE SMITH Write the name of the company or organisation where your recipient is located.
• Write the street address, including any suite numbers, on the next line.

• ATTN JOE SMITH Write the name of the company or organisation where your recipient is located.
• Write the street address, including any suite numbers, on the next line.

ABC COMPANY INC.

123 MAIN STREET STE 789

The last line of the address should be the city, state and Postcode.

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Enter your Name Enter your Email Address

The proper addressing of a business envelope helps to guarantee that your message reaches its intended recipient promptly. Standard correspondence management procedures must be followed, especially when your business sends a letter to another business with numerous divisions. Failure to provide complete information means that reaching the right person or department will take longer than usual.

According to the USPS.com online postal explorer, certain mails passing through the United States Postal Service (USPS) have the ability to make delivery challenging, delayed, and cost the post office time and money. This is due to senders who frequently misunderstood the proper order of address lines, formatting, and even mail handling.

Importance Of Knowing How To Address An Envelope

Most individuals or businesses don’t know that the postal service has standards for a mail address. Consequently, it’s a must for companies and even sole-traders to know the how-tos in addressing an envelope. In addition, To guarantee timely delivery, it’s essential to verify that your address format and block position accurately address an envelope. Here are some important things you need to take into account when addressing an envelope:

1. Importance of Writing The Complete Return Address

Print out or write your name, business name, and return address in the top-left area of the box, if you don’t use printed envelopes that match your corporate stationery. The return address is also acceptable, but certain mailing service such as US Postal Service prefers to write it at the front. Additionally, ensure that you write correctly to ensure that the address is legible. Using cursive or an italics typeface may put a strain on the carrier’s eyes.

On certain kinds of mail, the return address isn’t required. However, missing one would prohibit a postal service from returning undeliverable parcels to an addressee. Apart from that, a damage, an overdue postage, an erroneous address, and suchlike mailing faults shouldn’t be overlooked. mailing faults shouldn’t be overlooked.

2. Importance Of Writing Details In The Upper Left Corner

In addressing an envelope, print your name, company name, title, and address oon the top left corner of the package if your business doesn’t use preprinted envelopes. Even if you use envelopes with the return address of your business, you may wish to place your name above the preprinted area. If the postal service returns the envelope for any reason, it may be redirected by your mailroom to you if your name is shown on the envelope.

3. Importance Of Writing Correct Details In The Center Of The Envelope

In the center of the envelope, write the intended recipient’s name on the top line. The second line should provide the street address and the third line should contain the city, state, and zip code. An extra line may be required to provide the business’s name or a unit of the location, such as an apartment or suite number.

Also, ensure that any directions are included, such as NW (for northwest); several towns and cities have numerous streets with the same name differentiated only by an intercardinal direction.

A similar procedure happens when an envelope is delivered to a European destination or other international destination. Start with the recipient’s name and title in the first line, followed by second line street address, city, province, and state in third line. The last line should include the nation’s name in capital letters.

Foreign language addresses are acceptable if they include the city, province, and nation in English. Again, the last line of the address is designated for the country’s name—spelled out in capital letters followed by the international postal code (if applicable).

4. Importance Of Following The Guidelines

Since, a maail isn’t handled as it was 30 or 20 years ago, and postal services have evolved. Envelopes containing unclear or incorrect addresses may not be delivered. To avoid such from happening, here are a few more reminders:

• Whatever is printed on the envelope’s face should be in all capital letters. While most mail is delivered and carried without capitalized letters, it’s preferable to uppercase each line of the address.
• Only the recipient’s complete legal name should be included. Postal service like USPS and the likes, might not favor any other name on the front of the envelope, whether it’s a nickname or initials.
• If you’re aware of the individual’s work title, provide it on the second line. If you lack this information, use the department’s name.
• The address of the company should be provided in one line. If the address is too long, split it into two distinct lines and include the street name in the first address line and keep the zip code in mind.
• Remember to write the name of the business or organization in which the addressee works. Without this information on the envelope, it’s possible that your letter may not be delivered to the intended recipient. If you’re uncertain about the name of the receiver, you may put ‘Attn: Marketing Manager.’
• Bear in mind to provide the appropriate ‘attention to’ information in the address. Using ‘ATTN:’ or ‘Attention’ emphasizes the specific recipient of the package. If you don’t know an exact name, jot down the title of the job. This note should be placed before the recipient’s street address.
• If you’re writing the address on the envelope by hand, be sure your handwriting is legible. If you make a mistake along the way, it’s advisable to create a new one. A disorganized written address conveys to the receiver your lack of concern.
• When possible, provide the ZIP+4 Code. This comprises the standard five-digit ZIP code, a hyphen, and four extra digits. The extra digits assist the Postal Service in locating the receiver.
• Avoid using commas and periods and use a clear pen or a permanent marker in writing the details.

Conclusion

If you want to get your letter quickly and correctly, you may follow the guidelines in mailing your letter. A well-managed envelope facilitates the lives of every business and helps to guarantee that the item reaches the person it should get in record time. Just remember these guidelines on writing correctly in an envelope when you send your letter to post mail.

When executives at the Australian software company Atlassian came up with the concept of a FedEx Day, during which employees would be given free rein to invent and deliver new products, they probably didn’t envision the impact it would have on a sixth grade classroom in suburban Chicago.

But Josh Stumpenhorst did. In 2011, he launched a classroom version of FedEx Day as a way to foster student engagement. More than 250 sixth graders tackled self-selected projects that ranged from constructing a model of the Eiffel Tower and performing an original comedy act to researching and presenting information about Holocaust camps.

Instead of goofing around as 11-year-olds are wont to do, the students set rigorous goals for themselves and relied on their teacher as a resource only after attempting to solve their own problems.

In many ways, it’s a concept parents can apply as they help their children succeed in sixth grade. When you advocate for your child’s interests, empower him to envision solutions, and act as a sounding board, you’re fostering positive habits that will reach far beyond middle school.

5: Validate Ideas

Don’t be surprised if your once-enthralled-with-school student suddenly puts the brakes on his enthusiasm for the classroom. The jump to middle school is rife with new stressors: changing classrooms, remembering locker combinations, handling complex homework assignments and managing peer relationships.

Fortunately, it’s also full of new discoveries. For example, if your sixth grader’s American history assignments prompt a fondness for Civil War, you should jump on the bandwagon, too. Whether this means watching Confederates and Yankees battle it out on DVD rentals at home or taking an impromptu family trip to historic forts, validating your child’s newfound interest or idea has a big pay-off. Not only will he get plugged-in to the learning process, but you’ll boost his self-esteem, too.

4: Don’t Put It on Cruise Control

You’re well into the sixth grade school year, and things are going well. Your child’s staying out of trouble, seems to be navigating his new class schedule and doesn’t need you to closely monitor his homework progress. Although you may be tempted to pat yourself on the back and put your parenting on cruise control, don’t give in just yet.

Sixth graders operate with one foot in adulthood and one firmly entrenched in toddlerland — and this is developmentally right on track. So, if your child approaches school (and life in general) with an eerily mature mentality and then seems to regress into tears overnight, take heart: He’s just as confused as you are.

Not only is he experiencing a rush of hormones and a spate of new experiences, but these changes are converging on a rapidly growing brain. Not since he was an infant-turned-toddler has your child’s brain bloomed with such voracity [source: Ghezzi].

3: Offer Choices, Enforce Limits

There’s no better time to cling to the adage “choose your battles wisely” than during the transition from childhood to adolescence. If your sixth grader wants to wear athletic shorts to school in the winter or cultivate an anti-Bieber hairstyle, let him.

Offering opportunities to become autonomous will help your sixth grader become independent. It will also allow him to experience the consequences of his choices, both negative and positive, while still benefitting from a parental safety net. It will be easier (for everyone) if he can learn from his mistakes while riding a bicycle instead of a driving a car.

You can help your sixth grader by enforcing limits, too. The yin to autonomy’s yang, these guidelines build confidence and a sense of security that comes with clear expectations [source: Plugged in Parents].

2: Encourage Involvement

It’s no secret that team sports benefit sixth graders. Not only will your child master new skills, but he’ll also become plugged into a positive peer group. Emerging research even contends that when children invest a lot of time in sports, they learn strategic thinking methods that spill over into other areas of life [source: Price-Mitchell].

Team sports aren’t limited to the basketball court or football field, though. The key is to get your student get involved, whatever the pursuit. You can help by conducting some behind-the-scenes research and steering your student in the right direction. Does your sixth grader’s school have a chess team, book club or science competition? If not, perhaps you could help start a school organization that reflects your child’s interests, such as paleontology.

1: Be a Shock Absorber

You once navigated the transition from elementary to middle school, and now’s the time to pass on your wisdom to your child. We’re not suggesting your regale them with stories of “when I was your age . ” You could, however, deflect some of the stressors that await your student by helping him get organized.

For a sixth grader, organization is more than simply knowing where the books and pencils lie. It means helping him develop a system that will form the foundation for high school and college. Help your student get in the habit of tracking assignments on a weekly assignment sheet, whether in paper or electronic form. As your student checks this sheet daily, it will remind him which supplies he needs for class. It will also prompt him to plan ahead and complete assignments due later in the week [source: Peters].

By helping your student learn the ropes, you’ll be acting as a shock absorber for all the changes that lie ahead — and there’s no better way to help your sixth grader succeed.

Lots More Information

Author’s Note: 5 Ways You Can Help Your Child Succeed in Sixth Grade

As the parent of a son who recently finished sixth grade and two daughters who will eventually reach that milestone, I researched these tips like I was studying for a graduate exam. I was relieved to discover that I’d inadvertently set my son up for success by encouraging the exploration of his particular interests (we either have a software engineer or a wheat farmer on our hands). I was glad to find a number of additional steps I can take to help my girls prepare for sixth grade someday. You can bet they’ll be mastering the art of organization. Is preschool too early to start?

This article was co-authored by Daron Cam. Daron Cam is an Academic Tutor and the Founder of Bay Area Tutors, Inc., a San Francisco Bay Area-based tutoring service that provides tutoring in mathematics, science, and overall academic confidence building. Daron has over eight years of teaching math in classrooms and over nine years of one-on-one tutoring experience. He teaches all levels of math including calculus, pre-algebra, algebra I, geometry, and SAT/ACT math prep. Daron holds a BA from the University of California, Berkeley and a math teaching credential from St. Mary’s College.

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Math can be a challenging subject to master. Help your sixth grader succeed in math by being proactive. Know what topics your sixth grader will be mastering, and talk with their teacher on a regular basis about how your child is doing in class. If your child is having extra difficulty, try hiring a tutor. Don’t forget that you can also help your sixth grader succeed in math by making math fun.

Daron Cam
Academic Tutor Expert Interview. 29 May 2020. By knowing what your 6th grader will be learning in math class, you will be able to help your 6th grader get high grades on their homework and tests. Sixth graders learn a variety of math skills. Your sixth grader will learn how to:

• Multiply and divide fractions.
• Understand ratios and rates, and solve word problems relating to ratios and rates.
• Understand the ordering and absolute value of positive and negative numbers, as well as understand that positive and negative numbers are used to describe quantities having opposite directions and values.
• Solve simple equations with variables.
• Write equations to solve word problems, as well as to describe relationships between quantities.
• Reason about relationships between shapes to determine surface area, area, and volume.

How can I help my child in 6th grade math?

If your child is having extra difficulty, try hiring a tutor. Don’t forget that you can also help your sixth grader succeed in math by making math fun….Know what your 6th grader will be learning.Multiply and divide fractions.Understand ratios and rates, and solve word problems relating to ratios and rates.

What math should a 6th grader know?

What Math Should a 6th Grader Know. The major math strands for a sixth grade curriculum are number sense and operations, algebra, geometry and spatial sense, measurement, and functions and probability. While these math strands might surprise you, they cover the basics of what a sixth grader should learn in math.

How can I improve my maths in middle school?

Here are Brodkey’s top ten tips for performing well in math.Do all of the homework. Fight not to miss class. Find a friend to be your study partner. Establish a good relationship with the teacher. Analyze and understand every mistake. Get help fast. Don’t swallow your questions. Basic skills are essential.

What is the easiest math question?

The Collatz conjecture is one of the most famous unsolved mathematical problems, because it’s so simple, you can explain it to a primary-school-aged kid, and they’ll probably be intrigued enough to try and find the answer for themselves. So here’s how it goes: pick a number, any number. If it’s even, divide it by 2.

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Almost All of Us possess an innovative present value discussing with all the Earth, and this really is Our artwork. Thus if you own a firm concept, a publication for you personally, or even another endeavor that you wish to open up, then my aim would be to assist you in getting that workout of you personally and also into the whole world.

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Your blueprint to planning Grades 6-8 math lessons that lead to achievement for all learners

When it comes to planning mathematics lessons, do you sometimes feel burdened? Have you ever scrambled for an activity to engage your students that aligns with your state standards? Do you ever look at a recommended mathematics lesson plan and think, “This will never work for my students”?

The Mathematics Lesson-Planning Handbook: Your Blueprint for Building Cohesive Lessons, Grades 6–8 walks you step by step through the process of planning focused, research-based mathematics lessons that enhance the coherence, rigor, and purpose of state standards and address the unique learning needs of your individual students. This resource deepens the daily lesson-planning process for middle school teachers and offers practical guidance for merging routines, resources, and effective teaching techniques into an individualized and manageable set of lesson plans.

The effective planning process helps you

• Identify learning intentions and connect goals to success criteria
• Select resources and worthwhile tasks that make the best use of instructional materials
• Structure lessons differently for traditional and block middle school schedules
• Anticipate student misconceptions and evaluate understanding using a variety of formative assessment techniques
• Facilitate questioning, encourage productive struggle, and close lessons with reflection techniques

This author team of seasoned mathematics educators make lesson planning practical and doable with a useful lesson-planning template and real-life examples from Grades 6–8 classrooms. Chapter by chapter, the decision-making strategies empower teachers to plan mathematics lessons strategically, to teach with intention and confidence, and to build purposeful, rigorous, coherent lessons that lead to mathematics achievement for all learners.

This pandemic has left teachers and kids more stressed out and overwhelmed than ever, while parents stand by helplessly having lost the knowledge to help their kids prepare for success in high school and college.

I’m a semi-retired school teacher and football coach, and I want to help your kid.
Tackle Math.

My wife IS an adventure. She has grown a huge online business and absolutely loves to travel.

That’s why I made the career change from programmer to become a School Teacher, so I could spend summers with her and our kids — to make memories.

I found that I loved teaching. I looked forward to seeing the kids every day and watching their math anxiety lessen and their confidence grow. The parents were great. My co-workers were great. I loved my profession.

After over a decade, however, I got worn down from the politics and micro-managing by those in charge and decided that I needed to take a break for my health. I would “semi-retire” so I could focus on supporting my wife in her business and we’d travel and spend time with our now grown kids.

Then COVID happened and my wife and I found ourselves having the same conversation.

“Thank God our kids aren’t in school with all this craziness. The teachers are overworked. How are the kids who plan to go to college supposed to succeed? They can’t get help from their teachers. Most of their parents can’t help. What are they going to do when they get stuck?”

And that is when the idea for Tackle Math was formed. It’s designed to help your 6-10th grade student or Algebra 1 or 2 or even Physics student get unstuck.

Here’s How I Can Help Your Kid Stay Unstuck and Build Confidence in Their Math Skills:

Quick “Get Unstuck” Help

In my experience, many math frustrations can be answered with a quick question or reminder that gets your student back on track.

I use a very powerful tool to accomplish this (and I used it in the classroom for years). The Remind app was created specifically for teachers to communicate with students and parents.

You will each have access to me through the app. It’s as easy to use as texting.

Your student can take a photo of the problem they’re working on and I’ll respond with help on how to start (or corrections if the student is headed in the wrong direction).

My goal is to get your kid unstuck. If they aren’t understanding the concept I might record a video demonstrating a similar problem and send it right away so they have an example to work from.

Your student can also have me check a problem to see if they’ve done it correctly. Just take a pic of the problem and send it over.

I’ve used this app with thousands of students and parents over the years. It’s a great tool and safe and easy to use.

Open Office Hours for Deeper Questions / Explanations

I am hosting open office hours on Zoom every morning throughout the week. Students can come in and ask questions anytime during those hours or just say “hi”.

Unlike your child’s teacher, I am not working with a hundred or more kids. I will have plenty of time to assist each child.

If they didn’t understand their teacher’s lesson, they can ask me to re-teach the concept until they do understand it.

I have my iPad so I can demonstrate on the white board how to work the problems until your student is confident in his or her abilities.

I also believe the concept of learning through teaching, so if your child wants to explain the problem to me and HOW / WHY they did it that way, I’m happy to listen and give feedback or a virtual high-five.

Stress and anxiety over math can prevent kids (and adults) from doing their best. If kids are frustrated, pause and take a deep breath. When they’re calm, return to the math.

Some kids need to hear a math concept explained a few times before they get it. Try to use a new or different example each time. If you struggle with math, see if an older child or another adult can do the explaining.

When kids are asked to do math problems, there’s typically an example of a similar problem that’s been solved. Make sure kids have this example in front of them so they can follow it.

When kids struggle with a math problem, it can help to use physical objects to show the math. Grab buttons or beads to do math operations like addition and subtraction, or even multiplication.

Kids may stumble on word problems if reading is a challenge. Try writing out a word problem in the form of numbers and symbols. That can make it easier to solve.

This article is part of

Take N.O.T.E.

A simple, step-by-step tool to help you figure out if the struggles you’re seeing might be signs of a learning and thinking difference

If you see a child struggling with math, you might wonder why, and whether it’s something to be concerned about. Why is math so hard for some kids?

It’s not uncommon for kids to have trouble with math. Math difficulties can show up at different ages and in lots of ways. And it’s a myth that girls struggle more with math than boys do.

Some challenges are clearer, like trouble adding, subtracting, multiplying, or doing long division. Others are less noticeable and may not even seem directly related to math. For example, some kids have trouble telling time or left from right.

When kids struggle with math, it doesn’t mean they’re not smart or not trying hard enough. In fact, kids who have trouble with math are often trying their best.

Some kids just need more time and practice to learn math skills, or better instruction. Others need additional support to get there. The type of support kids need often depends on what’s causing the challenge.

Dive deeper

Kids who struggle with math may have trouble with very simple concepts, like “more” vs. “less” and “bigger” vs. “smaller.” They may not understand amounts or the order of things, such as “first,” “second,” or “third.”

The ability to understand basic concepts like these is known as number sense . When kids have poor number sense, it’s harder to learn math.

As kids move through school, more complex math can become a challenge. This includes concepts like time, distance, measurements, money, and math symbols. Find out what math skills kids typically have at different ages .

Some kids struggle with math because of a learning difference called dyscalculia. Dyscalculia isn’t as well-known as other learning and thinking differences, like dyslexia. But experts believe it’s just as common.

There are lots of tools and strategies to help kids with dyscalculia thrive. Learn more about dyscalculia signs and how to help .

When kids struggle with math, you may see certain behaviors. Kids may avoid doing math homework or get upset when they need to do it. They might cry before math tests and refuse to go to school. This may be related to their struggles.

On the other hand, sometimes even when kids understand math, they may still feel anxious about doing it. Some people call this math anxiety. Kids get so stressed out about math that it gets in the way of learning math. It can make it seem like they’re struggling with math, even if they aren’t.

No matter what’s causing a child’s trouble with math, there are ways to help.

Take notes on what you’re seeing and look for patterns. It’s helpful for families, educators, and even health care providers to talk together about what’s happening. Parents and caregivers can use these conversation starters with teachers .

Looking for specific ways to help kids build math skills?

Educators: Try evidence-based math strategies, like using manipulatives and number representations .

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About the Author

About the Author

Andrew M.I. Lee, JD is an editor and attorney who strives to help people understand complex legal, education, and parenting issues.

Reviewed by

Reviewed by

Daniel Ansari, PhD is a professor in developmental cognitive neuroscience at Western University, Canada.

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“Determination, effort, and practice are rewarded with success.” Mary Lydon Simonsen

Did you lose two weeks this summer watching Gabby Douglas, Missy Franklin, and Michael Phelps rack up Olympics medals? When Oscars night comes around, do you drop everything in favor of gazing at gowns and gawking at speeches?

As entertaining as these events are, they have one thing in common: the actors and athletes involved have taken risks, made substantial investments, and put in tens of thousands of hours of training, rehearsal, and conditioning. With or without a medal or gold statuette, their drive brought them to compete at the top of their sport or craft.

That brings us to talk about math. Gold medal or no, you want your child to succeed. But academic achievement isn’t something that you pluck off of a tree. It takes sustained and consistent time, effort, and practice. That’s why our StraightAce app offers quizzes that work your 6 th -, 7 th -, or 8 th -grader toward gradual—but certain—comprehension and proficiency. How can you play the part of that Olympic parent—without taking drastic measures? Easy. Follow her work on the StraightAce dashboard, communicate with her through the StraightAce messaging tool, and give her active encouragement—from a respectful, self-monitoring distance. As she works her way to gold, silver, and bronze stars, you can celebrate her progress in real time—and address any setbacks like the great parent you are.

“There are no mistakes or failures, only lessons.” Denis Waitly

Everyone makes mistakes. Everyone experiences failure. No one is immune because no one is perfect. But people can take these experiences and work them to their advantage. If mistakes and failures yield lessons, then they are accomplishments.

It is very appropriate that the proverb “If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again,” first appeared in an 1840 teacher’s manual. The lesson applies to teachers and students. Students today are under a lot more pressure than over a century and a half ago, and their studies are a lot more intense. You can help them take some of the pressure off by assuring them that even when they make mistakes, they are still learning.

The StraightAce app has the same philosophy. By presenting quizzes in an entertaining and virtual format, StraightAce makes 6 th , 7 th , and 8 th grade-level math exercises fun and exploratory. Kids practice on a smartphone or tablet, and you monitor their progress with the dashboard. If a middle-schooler has difficulty with a particular problem, that question will repeat until he gets it right. Then he can earn his star and move onto the next level of equations. Even if he gets the practice wrong on the first round, StraightAce presents challenges in a way that encourage a student until he understands. His initial mistakes will ultimately translate into math learning and success. See here how the StraightAce app can revolutionize the way your child studies math.

Have you witnessed your kids fail at something, and then helped turned them into a lesson? Share with us how you have taken these social or academic frustrations and made them a learning experience for you both.

Think about the everyday tasks that require math: Buying groceries, cooking with recipes, balancing budgets, paying bills, mapping trips, and tipping your waiter or waitress. We use math so often, we don’t even think about it.

Naturally, we want our children to excel in math too, and the middle-school years (grades 6, 7, and 8) are critical to building this strong foundation, so they can score well on their SATs and get into a great college.

Most SAT math questions are derived from middle-school math subjects. More than 50% of the problems involve ratio and proportion, complex numbers, counting, matrices, and sequences, along with algebra expressions, equations, inequalities, and properties of functions (linear, polynomial, rational, exponential). Even in college, students’ first courses tackle math concepts covered in middle school.

To help your child succeed on those tests, spark their interest in algebra and middle-school math now, so they enjoy and feel confident with numbers later. This tech-savvy generation is already adept at using iPads, video games and smartphones – the perfect tools to foster an enjoyment of learning. After all, how often has your child grabbed your phone or tablet looking for something fun to play?

That’s why we created StraightAce, a math improvement toolkit dedicated to inspiring 6 th , 7 th , and 8 th graders to practice and solve math problems in a fun, rewarding, and interactive way. The StraightAce app provides bite-sized math lessons and tracks scores. StraightAce Link shows parents their child’s efforts, progress, and problem areas at a glance. Sign up here.

Have you found a new way to motivate your child’s learning? Tell us about it here. In this blog, we’ll share tips on how to make learning fun!

Guest Post
Katie DeGroot

Integrated Learning Strategies (ILS) is a learning and academic center. As a reminder, ILS is not a health care provider and none of our materials or services provide a diagnosis or treatment of a specific condition or learning challenge you may see in your child or student. If you seek a diagnosis or treatment for your child or student, please contact a trained professional who can provide an evaluation of the child.

I can’t believe my child will be in Jr. High next year! How many times have you heard this? Or are you saying this about your own child? Jr. High can be an exciting new adventure, but it can also hold some confusing and stressful situations. These stressful situations are known all too well in the Common Core Math arena. What can we as parents do to provide support for our sixth-grader as he or she enters the turbulent Jr. High years?

As one looks at children in sixth and seventh grade , you can view it as a transitional time when kids are leaving their childhood and looking ahead to high school. Their responsibilities are changing, their bodies are changing, their lives are changing and keeping their math homework in the correct folder just isn’t a top priority.

At this age, particularly for boys, they face discernable challenges with motivation and organization. This behavior is very typical of adolescence and does not mean something is “wrong.” Look at it as they are asserting their uniqueness. Your role is just directing some of that uniqueness into passion that will drive some of their behavior into more responsible actions in all parts of their life.

Another shift we see in kids this age is the need for children to gain approval from their peers and friends rather than the adults in their lives. We see that they tend to be more motivated to do well in school and other activities to gain favor from their peers, instead of teachers or parents. Girls who have always been amazing at math or science may get the message that it’s cooler to act dumb or silly in class than to be the student who always has the correct answer. Unfortunately, this tends to play into society’s struggle in general as we see decreases in the number of girls who follow career paths in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM). They also show decreases in math and science scores even though they statistically outperform boys on all academic levels in the classroom. In these cases, boys lead on standardized tests in these subjects. Performance based scores seem to be somewhat environmental.

One of the biggest factors of well-adjusted teenagers is a parent who understands the balance of parental support, clear limits and allows failure.

Actions Have Consequences

Sometimes students in these grades spend a great deal of energy convincing their parents to go away, but in reality, they need clear limits and follow through. Meaningful consequences that follow certain unacceptable behaviors is a key component in addressing your child’s new found pattern of pushing the limits. It may sound like a tired old song, but parents need to make good on their threats of punishment. If we don’t follow through on consequences then kids find out that we don’t really mean what we say and the credibility that we still had will diminish quickly.

Here are some real world questions and responses that can help in those frustrating moments with your pre-teen.

Avoid hovering

If you are unclear on how much to hover during homework time, especially with Common Core Math, let the first quarter or term go by without intervening unless your student asks for help. After you get that initial grade feedback from the school, adjust your plan accordingly. If his or her grades in math are awful, perhaps you could say, “I need to see your math homework every single night before you put it back in your backpack.”

Avoid treating them like an elementary student

Your child is searching for meaning in his or her life. They start to question you about their math homework saying things like, “why do I have to do this?” and we may be tempted to say, “Because you’ll need to know this later in the real world.” Although this answer is true, your child may need stronger motivation. If they don’t respond well to consequences, try a softer touch.

However, sometimes the only way we can get through to kids is with this type of response, “Because if you don’t learn it and your grade drops on your mid-term report, you won’t be able to go with your friends every Saturday night for a month.” Or, if this will just escalate the issue, try this response instead, “What are our goals for the next month to improve your math grade, because you have way more potential than your grade is reflecting.” You know your child best and what works for their specific situation. Find the responses that directly hit their immediate, self-involved place in their mind.

Avoid walking away when they need to talk

One minute you’re talking to your child about a current event on the news and they are acting like a miniature adult, the next, they are stomping off and throwing a tantrum. What to do? Always be available to be a listening ear and ask questions. There will be many times that you may not want to hear their complaining or social woes, but it will be beneficial for both of you to sit and listen. If your child knows that you are someone who is safe and loves them unconditionally they will remember this when something more serious is happening in their life. Confiding in you will be a positive option instead of a dreaded one.

Lots to navigate with your child in regards to Common Core , and common core math and other educational subjects, which mixes in the social aspects the student is dealing with as they grow older. Be confident as well as understanding when presented with school or homework challenges.

Integrated Learning Strategies is a Utah-based center dedicated to helping mainstream children and children with learning challenges achieve academic success. Our services provide kids with non-traditional tutoring programs within the Davis County, Kaysville, Layton, Syracuse, Farmington, and Centerville areas. Areas to find Integrated Learning Strategies include: Reading tutors in Kaysville, Math tutors in Kaysville, Common Core Tutors in Kaysville, Tutors in Utah, Utah Tutoring Programs

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Do you want to uninstall Vista basic completely from the computer? Do you receive strange errors when uninstalling Vista basic ? Do you fail to install the updated version or other program after uninstalling Vista basic ? Many computer users can not completely uninstall the program for one reason or another. If some files and components of the program are still left in the system, that means the program is not completely removed and uninstalled. Those leftovers will slow down your computer and stuff your system with invalid files as well as result in many problems for your life, such as strange error popups and unable to install other programs. There are many methods to uninstall the program, please see below:

Windows Add/ Remove Programs offers users a way to uninstall the program and every Operating System has Add/ Remove Programs feature.

* Click Start menu and run Control Panel.

* Locate Vista basic and click Change/ Remove to uninstall the program.

* Follow the uninstall wizard and uninstall the program.

Most computer programs are installed with its build-in uninstaller that can also help uninstall the program.

* Click Start menu and move your mouse to All Programs.

* Find Vista basic folder and click on its Uninstaller.

* Follow its uninstaller and uninstall the program.

To run its uninstaller, you can also

* Go to the folder where the program is installed.

* Locate its uninstaller usually named as unins000.exe or uninstall.exe

* Double click on its uninstaller and follow it to uninstall the program.

Please know that both of Windows Add/ Remove Programs and its build-in uninstaller can only uninstall the main executable files of the program, but not all program files and components. Some invalid files may be left in system registry and folders. To completely remove Vista basic , you need to get rid of those remnants, otherwise, it will slow down your PC and block you installing other incompatible programs.

To thoroughly delete its files, please follow the steps:

* Run Registry Editor

* Find and delete all registry entries of the program in HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\eg ui

* Find and delete all files of the program in system folders C:\Program Files\, C:\Document and Settings\All Users\Application Data\ and C:\Documents and Settings\%USER%\Application Data\.

Video Guide: How to edit registry

Note: We only recommend advanced computer users to manually edit registry and remove Vista basic , because deleting any single registry entry by mistake will lead to severe problem or even system crash.

There is a much easier and safer way to uninstall Vista basic completely. A third party uninstaller can automatically help you uninstall any unwanted programs and completely remove all of its files and free up your hard disk space. Especially when users can not find the program in Add/ Remove Programs or its build-in uninstaller, a third party uninstaller can save your much time and frustration.

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How do you reinstall Windows Vista? Just took my old but gently used Toshiba Satellite. Forgot password. HELP

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How do you reinstall Windows Vista? Just took my old but gently used Toshiba Satellite. Forgot password. HELP

And if you never received a Recovery Disk when you purchased your Computer there should be a Recovery Partition on the Hard Drive to reinstall Windows back to how you bought your Computer.

The Recovery process can be started by pressing a particular Key or Keys combination at Boot. (Power On / Startup)

It may be F10, F11, Alt + F10, etc depending on the Manufacturer.

Ask them or us for the correct Key sequence.

Acer: Press Alt + F10.

HP: Tap F11 at the rate of about once per second.

And if you do have a Manufacturer’s Recovery Partition on your Hard Drive, you should be able to make your own Recovery Disks from it to reinstall the Operating System.

Look under Programs > your Computer Manufacturer’s name > then their System Tools or Recovery Software Headings for them, depending how it is worded.

If you can not find any reference to it, contact the Manufacturer for advice on how to make those Recovery Disks.

You can borrow and use a Microsoft Vista DVD (Retail or OEM System Builders License) , that contains the files for the various Vista Editions (Home Basic, Home Premium, Business and Ultimate) to be installed. The Product Key on your Computer / Laptop case determines which Edition is installed.

The COA sticker, which has the Product Key on it, is either on the underside of the Laptop or in the Battery Compartment.

With a Desktop it is either on the side, rear or top of the Computer Case.

Other Manufacturers’ Recovery DVDs are not to be used for the above purpose.

And you need to know the “bit” version for Vista, as 32bit and 64bit Editions come on different DVDs.

Bill Smithers – Microsoft MVP July 2013 – Dec 2020

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Hi Roger Peritone,

This is a how you install Vista onto an external Hard Drive

You will need
-A Vista Disc
-VMware Workstation version 5
-Vmware Diskmount Utility
-Disk2Disk by Higher Grounds (or Nortons Ghost)
-Partition Magic 8
-A BIOS that can boot from USB Drives (there pretty common these days)

1.Setting up a new virtual machine
– Click create new virtual machine
– Choose Custom
– New Workstation 5
– Guest Operating system Windows with Longhorn (Experimental)
– Give it at least 256mb of RAM
– Do not use a network connection
– Choose create new virtual disk
– Click IDE
– Make the virtual disk size at least 12gb and click allocate disk space now
– Finish up
2. Boot up Vista in VMware
– If you’ve got a disk image (.iso) you can use that but if you’ve got a DVD you can alo use that
– Go to Install Now
– Use SHIFT+F10 to bring up a command prompt
– From the command prompt type diskpart
– Then type List Disk (displays a list of disks that Vista can see)
– select disk 0 (your virtual disk)
– create partition primary (creates one big partition on your virtual disk and doesnt affect your physical disk)
– list partition (lists all partitions)
– select partition 1
– format (formats your virtual disk to NTFS)
– type exit to exit diskpart
– type exit again to exit the command prompt
3. Restart your Virtual Machine
– Hit ESC as you are starting the virtual machine up
– Select CD ROM
– Install Vista normallly (this will take ages)
4. Use the Diskmount Utility to see the Disk in Windows Explorer
http://www.vmware.com/pdf/VMwareDiskMount.pdf
that explains how to use it
5. Partition Magic 8

Use partiton magic 8 to format you external hard drive into at least 2 partitions (one for space and one for the Vista OS) and make the first partition as big as your virtual disk. Then make the second partition as big as you want because that will be were you keep all your windows files. You can dual boot it with OSX86 and Linux just by making some extra partitions (I used the OSX86 installation Disk Utility to make my partitions but partition magic will be fine).

6. Copy your Virtual Disk
Use Disk2Disk to make a direct copy of your virtual disk and dump it on your 12gb partition
Similarly you can use nortons ghost but i havent tried that.

You should now be able to boot Vista with your external HD provided your BIOS supports booting from USB drives.

Have fun doing this 🙂
P.S This will probably also work with SATA

Learn why a clean install of the OS is preferred for installing Vista, and review the starting process for a Microsoft Windows Vista clean install.

In this selection from Windows Vista Secrets, authors Brian Livingston and Paul Thurrott explain why a clean install of the OS is preferred for installing Microsoft Windows Vista. The authors also review the processes to begin setup for a Microsoft Windows Vista clean install.

A clean install of the operating system is our preferred method for installing Windows Vista. Although it’s possible to upgrade to Windows Vista from certain previous Windows versions this path is perilous and can often result in a Frankenstein-like system where only some of your applications work properly. In our opinion, it’s best to start with a clean slate when moving to a new operating system, especially a major release like Windows Vista.

Follows these steps to install Windows Vista as a clean install:

Insert the Windows Vista DVD in your PC’s optical drive and reboot. After the BIOS screen flashes by, you may see a message alerting you to Press any key to boot from the CD or DVD. If so, press a key. Some systems, however, do not provide this warning and will instead boot from the DVD by default.

Secret: If your system does not boot from the DVD, you may need to change the system’s boot order so that the optical drive is checked before the first hard drive. To do this, you will have to consult your PC’s documentation, as each PC handles this process a little differently.

From inauspicious beginnings such as these come great things.

A black screen with a progress bar and the text “Windows is loading files” will appear as shown above.

These settings apply only to Setup, not the eventual Windows Vista installation.

Eventually, the screen will display a multicolored drape effect and the initial Setup window appears as shown above. Here, you can preconfigure the language, time and currency formats, and keyboard or input method you’ll use during Setup.

This window jumpstarts Setup and the Windows Vista recovery tools.

Click Next. The Install Now window appears as shown in the above screen shot. To continue with Interactive Setup, click Install Now.

Secret: This window also provides a way to access Windows Vista’s new recovery tools. If you run into a problem with Windows Vista later, such as not being able to boot into Windows for some reason, you can boot your system with the Setup DVD and use these tools to help fix the problem.

Spread ’em. This is where Microsoft ensures you’re genuine.

In the next window, (shown above) enter your Windows Vista product key. This is a 25-digit alphanumeric string—in blocks of 5 separated by dashes—that you will find on a bright yellow product key sticker somewhere in your Windows Vista packaging. You can also optionally choose to have Windows Vista automatically activate for you.

Secret: Do not lose this product key or give it away to anyone. Each Windows Vista product key is valid for exactly one PC. After you’ve installed Windows Vista and activated it—which ties the product key to your hardware—you won’t be able to use this number again on another PC, at least not easily. Note, however, that you will have no problems reinstalling Windows Vista on the same PC using this same product key. If for some reason you are unable to electronically activate Windows later, Vista will provide a phone number so you can do it manually.

Sign over all your rights simply by clicking a single check box.

In the next window, you must agree to the End User License Agreement (EULA). Although very few people actually read this document, you should take the timeas it outlines your legal rights with regards to your usage of Windows Vista. Our understanding of the legalese in this document is that Microsoft exerts certain rights over your first-born and soul. In the screen shot above you can see the EULA windows.

How to perform a clean install of Microsoft Windows Vista

Introduction
Starting a clean install of Microsoft Windows Vista
Continuing with a clean install of Microsoft Windows Vista
Completing a clean install of Microsoft Windows Vista

Content Type Install & Setup

Article ID 000005831

Last Reviewed 09/16/2020

To manually install the Intel® Graphics Driver in the Windows Vista* operating system, follow these steps:

Your computer manufacturer might have customized drivers and software to enable or alter features, or provide improved operation on your computer. Contact the manufacturer for the latest updates and technical support information.

If you can no longer get driver support from your computer manufacturer, you can download generic Intel drivers.

Unzip the file and put the contents in a designated location or folder.

Click Start > Computer > Properties > Device Manager.

Click Continue.

Double-click Display adapters.

Right-click the Intel® Graphics Controller and click Update driver software.

Click Browse my computer for driver software.

Click Browse and navigate to the location you placed the extracted driver files.

Select the Graphics folder, and click OK.

Click Next.

The message, Windows* has successfully updated your driver software displays after successful installation. Click Close to complete the installation wizard and restart your system when prompted.

This step-by-step guide demonstrates how to install Windows Vista.

The best way to install Windows Vista is to do a clean install. It is not difficult to perform a clean installation. Before you perform the installation I recommend that you check Windows Vista System Requirements list to ensure that your hardware is supported by Vista. If you don’t have Windows Vista drivers for all your hardware, it is a good idea to download all the drivers from the hardware manufacturers website and save all the necessary drivers on a CD-R before you start the installation.

Windows Vista DVD is bootable. In order to boot from the DVD you need to set the boot sequence. Look for the boot sequence under your BIOS setup and make sure that the first boot device is set to CD-ROM/DVD-ROM.

Step 1 – Place Windows Vista DVD in your dvd-rom drive and start your PC. Windows Vista will start to boot up and you will get the following progress bar.

Step 2 – The next screen allows you to setup your language, time and currency format, keyboard or input method. Choose your required settings and click next to continue.

Step 3 – The next screen allows you to install or repair Windows Vista. Since we are doing a fresh install we will click on “install now”.

Step 4 – You can now type the product key that came with your Windows vista.

Step 5 – If you do not enter the product key you can still proceed with the installation in which case Windows will ask you which version of Vista you have purchased. Windows Vista Home Basic, Home Premium, Ultimate, Business etc. Select the version you have purchased and click next.

Please note, although you can select any version of Windows and proceed to next stage. It is not good idea to select a different version to the one you have purchased because you will not be able to activate Windows at a later stage. Windows Vista can detect which version you have purchased once you enter your product key.

Step 6 – Tick “I accept the licence terms” and press next.

Symptoms

When you try to install Windows Vista Service Pack 2 (SP2), you receive the following error message:

Service Pack installation cannot continue
One or more system components that the service pack requires are missing.

Cause

This problem occurs because system components that are required to install Windows Vista SP2 are not present on your computer.

However, a common reason for this problem is that vLite was used to customize the Windows Vista installation and some required system components were removed.

Resolution

To resolve this problem, use genuine Microsoft software media to reinstall Windows Vista with Service Pack 1 and then install Windows Vista SP2.

Reinstalling Windows on a computer that is running a retail version of Windows Vista

If you purchased a retail copy of Windows Vista, you can reinstall Vista from the Vista installation DVD.

Important The following steps are recommended for advanced computer users. If you are a beginning user or do not feel comfortable reinstalling Windows, you might want to ask help from a friend or contact Microsoft for support. For more information, see the How to obtain Windows Vista service pack support section in this article. There are two options for fixing this problem:

An in-place upgrade to Windows Vista

A clean reinstall of Windows Vista

With both options, you should backup your personal data to an external source. You should also note and find any special drivers or software that is required to use hardware devices such as video cards or printers.

Option 1: Perform an in-place upgrade to Windows Vista

Use the Windows Vista installation DVD to perform an in-place upgrade. An in-place upgrade keeps as much of your personal data and settings as possible.

Warning Before you perform an in-place upgrade, you should be prepared for a worst case scenario that results in your existing data on your computer being deleted. This data includes personal data, settings, hardware driver information, and software programs. If a worst case scenario occurs, you may have to reinstall all programs. Make sure that you back up personal data to disks or to other external storage devices before you perform an in-place upgrade. To perform an in-place upgrade, follow these steps.

Note It might help if you print these steps before you perform them. Also, be aware that it could take a few hours to complete these steps.

Start the computer.

Insert the Windows Vista DVD into the DVD drive and then close the drive tray. Wait for the Setup program to start automatically.

If the Setup program does not start automatically, click Start , type
Drive:\setup.exe in the
Start Search box, and then press ENTER.

Note In this step, Drive is the drive letter of the computer’s DVD drive.

When the “Install now” screen appears, click
Install now.

Note When you receive the Get important updates for installation message, do not click Go Online.

Click Upgrade when the Which type of installation do you want screen appears.

Follow the instructions to install Windows Vista.

If Windows Vista is now running on your computer, you have completed the upgrade to Windows Vista.

After the upgrade has completed, you have to activate your copy of Windows Vista.
For more information about how to activate Windows Vista, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

940315 How to activate Windows Vista

Option 2: Perform a clean reinstall of Windows Vista

Warning When you perform a clean installation, you may chose to format your drive. If you format your drive, existing data on your computer is deleted. This data includes personal data, settings, hardware driver information, and software programs. After you install the operating system, you must also reinstall all programs. Before you perform a clean installation, even if you do not format your hard driver, you should make sure that you back up personal data to disks or other external storage devices first. For more information about how to reinstall Windows Vista, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

918884 How to install Windows Vista

Reinstalling Windows on a computer that is running a preinstalled (OEM) copy of Windows Vista

If your computer has a preinstalled (OEM) copy of Windows Vista, and you receive this error, you should contact the manufacturer if you need help resetting your computer to the original factory defaults. Resetting your computer to the original factory defaults should also restore any system components that are needed to install the service pack.

You should back up any personal data before you contact the OEM for help. Using OEM recovery disks can sometimes cause data loss.

For more information about how to contact your OEM, please see the documentation that was included with your computer.

More Information

Related Topic:

Click the following links to find more options if this article cannot resolve your problem:

For more information, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:

947366 How to troubleshoot Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 service pack installation issues

The third-party products that this article discusses are manufactured by companies that are independent of Microsoft. Microsoft makes no warranty, implied or otherwise, about the performance or reliability of these products.

• Working Time: 5 – 10 minutes
• Total Time: 10 – 15 minutes
• Yield: 3/4 cup dry shampoo

• Skill Level: Intermediate
• Estimated Cost: $15.00

Homemade dry shampoo can be whipped up quickly and easily using a few simple ingredients you’ll find in your pantry—a fact you might have not imagined as you browsed the wide variety of commercial dry shampoos available.

Dry shampoo works by introducing an absorbent powder (arrowroot is best but cornstarch works almost as well) to the scalp by either shaking it onto the scalp or applying the powder with a big blusher makeup brush and then brushing it through. Dirt and oil particles attach to the powder and come out of your hair when you brush, leaving the scalp feeling cleaner. As a bonus, the process usually adds volume to your hair as some of the powder is left behind.

It may seem intimidating to make your own if you’ve noticed there are different dry shampoos for darker hair colors, but it’s as easy as adding an extra ingredient to the mix. There might be some initial experimentation with exactly how much of the color ingredients to add, but the advantage is that you can get an ideal color match to your hair when you DIY—something commercial dry shampoos can’t do.

Dry Shampoos for Different Hair Colors

The biggest trick to making your own dry shampoo is matching it to your hair color. Because the main oil-absorbing ingredient is arrowroot powder or cornstarch, both of which are white, a very simple dry shampoo recipe with these ingredients will work best on light blonde or white hair (or bleached and colored fantasy colors), but will stand out and be obvious for anyone with darker hair.

That’s why you’ll see a few ingredients on the list below that are specific to certain hair colors. If you are between colors, a little mixing might be needed to get the color just right for you. However, since you apply dry shampoo to your roots and then brush it out (which is how the oil gets removed from the roots of your hair), there’s some wiggle room and it doesn’t need to be a perfect match.

If you have dark blonde hair, for example, you might want to use mostly arrowroot powder with just 1 tablespoon of raw cacao powder mixed in. If you have brown hair with a lot of red tones, you might want to mix 2 tablespoons of cinnamon powder and 2 tablespoons of cacao powder into your arrowroot, clay, and baking soda mixture.

If your hair is dark brown or black, you’ll be using activated charcoal to darken the powder so that it doesn’t leave a telltale white layer behind—but be aware that a little charcoal goes a long way.

This post may contain affiliate links.

A homemade dry shampoo recipe that’s simple, inexpensive, all-natural, and wonderfully effective! What else could you ask for in a homemade beauty product?!

How Often to Wash Hair?

There was a time in my life when I was one of those people who washed my hair every single day. I took a shower every morning, dried my hair, and straightened it with a flat iron. I did that all through high school and college, even though it took me at least half an hour each day. Looking back, I can’t believe how much of my life I’ve spent drying my hair.

Part of the reason that it used to take me so long to do my hair is that my hair is thick. Seriously, hairstylists marvel over how much hair I have. (That’s always a hard thing to reply to, by the way. Do I say thanks? Are they even complimenting me? Are they actually kind of complaining because my hair is more work? I can never tell.)

After a few different hairstylists styled my hair and then said something like, “Wow, I hope you don’t wash this every day! That would take so much time!” it occurred to me that perhaps I really should start skipping a few showers.

Wash Every Other Day

So I did. I started washing my hair every other day. It was a little oily at first, and sometimes it was really hard to make it through that second day without giving in and washing it. But I was determined to give it a good try at least, and within a few weeks my hair had adjusted to my new schedule and was hardly getting oily at all between showers.

In fact, it went so well that I started fantasizing about going even longer without washing my hair. Could I wait three days? Four? A week? I had won back so much time in my life, and if anything, it made me detest styling my hair even more.

Dry Shampoo

Dry shampoo was the obvious solution to my problem. When a friend suggested it to me I went and picked up a can from Target immediately. It did NOT impress me. It smelled weird and it felt weird, and those are two deal-breakers for me when it comes to products that I use on my body. (I don’t even want to think about what the ingredients were. I’m sure they weren’t all-natural!)

Still, I was intrigued by the idea of dry shampoo, and it occurred to me that I could probably make some form of it on my own. Thus began my quest to develop a natural homemade dry shampoo!

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True confession: I do not wash my hair everyday. Another true confession: I do not wash my hair every other day. And I don’t feel weird about it either. Now I do get some funky looks when I tell people that I go up to a week without washing my hair. (Not like I go around telling people, but…) After years of spending way to much money on store-bought dry shampoo, I now make my own at a fraction of the price – and using natural ingredients. Read on to learn how you, too, can make dry shampoo!

How to Make Dry Shampoo

I know what you’re thinking. A WEEK?! Yes, I really do go about a week on average between hair washings. My hair is halfway down my back and washing every day not only makes my naturally wavy hair super dry and coarse, but the thought of blow drying my hair every. single. day. makes my eye twitch.

Sometimes I’ll go four or five days, sometimes six. The thing is that when you wash your hair everyday you are stripping away the oils that your scalp has produced since the last time you washed, forcing your scalp to produce more oils to compensate. When you wash your hair less frequently, you are training your scalp to produce less oils. The longer your hair goes between washings, the less oil your body produces (and the less greasy it looks). WIN-WIN-WIN!

If you are blonde, you’ll find this recipe even easier. If you are a brunette like myself, you may want to add the optional ingredients so you’re not a walking powder puff. Try it without the optional ingredients first, and add into the recipe as needed.

Dry Shampoo Recipe

1/4 cup Arrowroot (any brand)
1/4 cup Baking Soda
Cocoa powder or Cinnamon (optional, for brunettes)
Essential oils (optional)

Using a container with a lid (such as an old chili powder shaker/seasoned salt shaker) add in your arrowroot and baking soda. Replace the lid and give the canister a good shake to mix. If you are a brunette, add in about a teaspoon of cocoa powder and mix again. If this isn’t dark enough, add a bit more (just be careful not to go crazy with it) until you get a nice warm brown shade. You might use the dry shampoo a time or two before adding more and more cocoa.

If desired, add in a few drops of essential oil. Use tea tree oil for flakes or to repel lice, lemon for an invigorating scent, or lavender for its calming effects and other qualities. And you just made homemade dry shampoo, my friend. Wasn’t that easy?!

How to use homemade dry shampoo

On day two of your hair care routine, shake a bit of the powder mixture into the lid of your container. Working from ear to ear, apply dry shampoo in sections with a large makeup or powder brush directly to your scalp (this will soak up the oil your hair naturally produces).

Apply your dry shampoo in the morning, or during your nightly ritual before heading to bed. When you wake in the morning give your hair a good brushing and you won’t be able to detect your dry shampoo – or the remnants of your greasy hair – at all! I love how easy my hair is to style when I haven’t washed it in a few days, and I love how much money I save by making my own dry shampoo, and I really love that I’m not spraying this list of chemicals on my hair (ingredients of arguably the most popular dry shampoo brand; Batiste)

Butane, Isobutane, Oryza Sativa, (Rice) Starch, Propane, Alcohol Denat, Parfum (Fragrance), Coumarin, Eugenol, Limonene, Butylphenyl, Methylpropional, Linalool, Distearyldimonuim Chloride. 😮

If you’d like to make your container exactly like mine, here is the text image that I converted to svg for my vinyl cutting machine. Size the file down if needed, and this is the container I used. Works perfectly! Will you try your own homemade dry shampoo? I’d love to hear your results!

We hope you love the products we recommend! Just so you know, Trendy Mami may collect a share of sales or other compensation from the links on this page.

Save your hair from over-shampooing and washing with this DIY dry shampoo tutorial! It’ll make your hair stronger and healthier while removing any grease, oil, and product buildup.

If you’re washing your hair every day (or even every other day), you might be surprised that find out that excess product could actually be damaging those luscious locks of yours. While shampoo is made to remove oil and dirt, using too much of it can strip your hair of its natural oils, making your scalp dry and your hair greasy or lifeless. That’s why this DIY dry shampoo is a lifesaver – it removes oil, grease, and excess buildup to give you long-lasting, salon-style hair any time of the day.

While this homemade dry shampoo does make your hair less oily, it’s not a replacement for a deep cleanse. However, it can be used after a sweaty workout or on days where you’re simply too lazy to do your entire shampoo, conditioner, and blowout routine. And best of all, dry shampoo will make your hair stronger and healthier in the long run!

Materials:

• ¼ cup cornstarch (or arrowroot powder)
• 2 tbsp Rhassoul clay (or bentonite)
• 1 tbsp baking soda
• Essential oil of your preference

Note: In this tutorial, we are using an anti-stress essential oil, which is a mixture of Limonene, geraniol, and citral. However, you can use whichever aroma you like best (lavender is another excellent choice for beautiful smelling hair).

Optional for Dark/Brown Hair:

• 1-2 tsp Charcoal powder or cocoa powder (cocoa powder must be unsweetened)

Note: In this tutorial, we will use charcoal to create a dry shampoo for dark hair. This makes a dark powder that will blend better with those darker shades or tones.

Other Materials:

• Bowl
• Jar with a lid
• Spoon

Instructions:

1. In the bowl, pour the ¼ cup of cornstarch, 1 tbsp of baking soda, 2 tbsp of kaolin clay.
2. Add 5-10 drops of the essential oil of your choice to the dry mixtures. If you want something with less smell, then add less. If you prefer a stronger scent to your homemade dry shampoo, then feel free to add more. In this DIY dry shampoo video, we are using essential oil specifically for anti-stress (a combination of Limonene, geraniol, and citral). However, you can add any type of essence or aroma that you prefer.
3. Using a spoon, mix the powder and essential oils until everything is blended together.
4. If you are making DIY dry shampoo for dark hair, then you will want to add charcoal powder. This will darken the color of the homemade dry shampoo so you won’t see the powder when it’s in your hair. If your hair is a lighter brown, you can probably just add 1 tsp of powder. Those with darker hair may want to add another tsp of powder for a darker shampoo. If charcoal powder is not available, you can also use cocoa powder (just make sure it’s unsweetened
5. Mix the powder together with a spoon.
6. Once the DIY shampoo is thoroughly mixed to your desired shade or color, then transfer to a jar or any other container of your choice.

How to Use DIY Dry Shampoo:

1. When you need a quick freshening up, then you can apply the dry shampoo to your roots. Take a makeup brush (we think a large blush brush works best for coverage) and lightly dip it into the jar with the dry shampoo.
2. Get rid of excess powder by tapping the brush in a sink or the edge of the jar.
3. Lightly tap the brush on the crown of your head, along the hairline, or on your part. You can lift up different sections of your hair and tap or brush the powder towards the root for maximum effect.
4. Let the dry shampoo sit for at least 30 seconds to 1 minute to soak up all the oils of your hair or scalp. It needs time to absorb before you brush it out.
5. Using your fingers, lightly massage the dry shampoo into your hair. You can also use a brush to comb and evenly distribute the powder throughout the strands.
6. By now, your hair should feel light and less oily, just as if it was washing that morning!

Conclusions

Why purchase expensive and strong-smelling dry shampoo at the store when you can make it with just a few simple ingredients in the comfort of your home? This homemade dry shampoo tutorial is the best way to keep your hair oil-free while also preventing damage that can arise from washing it too frequently.

Once you’ve mastered the DIY dry shampoo game, then you can try our DIY laundry detergent tutorial or our DIY body soap tutorial . If you’re looking for more hygiene tips, check out our tips for preventing skin damage while showering .

Dry Shampoo is any item that refreshes hair without water, making it a must-have for people on-the-go.

This wonder product usually contains corn or aluminum starch to soak up visible grease at the roots—the telltale sign that hair hasn’t been washed.

Although available in many forms, it is most commonly found as an aerosol or loose powder. After being massaged into the roots, dry shampoo gives the appearance of cleaner hair.

Those who are too busy to wash their hair every day, or purposely avoid washing with liquid shampoo for hair care reasons, tend to love dry shampoo.

“The great thing about dry shampoo is there’s no wrong way to use it—it’s one of the most versatile products in the hair care world, and formulas are evolving to multitask,” says Pureology artist Emily Alders.

Which is the Best Dry Shampoo

What you consider the best dry shampoo will depend on your needs. But for a truly versatile option, look no further than Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo.

Washing hair too frequently can cause a new hue to fade faster, so it’s wise for those with color-treated hair to become BFFs with a dry shampoo. There’s just one problem: certain dry shampoo formulas can leave strands feeling dry and gritty and make hair color look dull.

Enter Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo. This lightweight, residue-free multi-tasker contains rice starch and works on both natural AND colored hair. Featuring AntiFade Complex and UVA/UVB sunscreen, it helps hair color last. And on clean hair, it adds movement and texture, making hairstyles like updos easier to achieve.

Is it OK to use dry shampoo everyday? How many times a week should you use dry shampoo?

Dry shampoo comes with a plethora of benefits, but overuse can cause problems. Too much of the product can leave a buildup of residue on the scalp, clogging hair follicles and limiting hair growth. That’s why most dry shampoos should only be used once between hair washes.

With Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo, pesky residue is less of an issue. “Because Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo is a lightweight formula, you don’t have to worry about product buildup,” Alders explains. “But as with any styling product it’s always a good idea to apply a little at a time until you reach your desired look.”

How To Use Dry Shampoo: If You Need To Refresh Your Hair

To make the most of your next spray, take a peek at Alders’ dry shampoo pro tips and pointers on how to use dry shampoo correctly.

Step 1. Hold the dry shampoo four to six inches away from hair and spray it directly at the roots. Start where hair feels oiliest (for most women, that’s along the hairline, the nape of the neck, and the crown of the head), spritzing one section of hair at a time.

Pure Artist Tip: “Because Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo is a lightweight formula, you don’t have to worry about product buildup. But as with any styling product it’s always a good idea to apply a little at a time until you reach your desired look,” says Alders.

Step 2. Using your fingertips, massage the product into roots and scalp so that the oil-absorbing action can take place evenly across the head. For extra lift, try flipping your head upside down while massaging the product into hair.

Pure Artist Tip: Looking to correct a kink or flatness in your hair from sleeping on it funny or finishing a sweaty workout? “After applying the dry shampoo, take a blow-dryer and blast cool air at your roots to help change the direction of hair or build volume,” says Alders.

Step 3. Smooth out hair with a brush or comb, or grab your hot tools for a restyle.

Pure Artist Tip: “If you notice your ends are feeling dry or they’ve lost their shape, try adding a little bit of On The Rise Root-Lifting Mousse to them and restyle,” says Alders.

Five More Pro Tips On How To Use Dry Shampoo:

1. Add Hold And Texture to Fresh Hair:

Clean hair, especially if you have fine or silky texture, doesn’t always hold a style well. Before attempting a braid, waves, or a messy bun, try lightly spraying dry shampoo evenly throughout hair for some added grip. “Hair will still look fresh and you’ll get a little bit of that touchable grit that’s helpful when holding a shape,” says Alders.

2. Make A Blowout Last Longer:

There’s nothing more exasperating than washing your hair, blowing it out, and applying product—only to realize you’ve gone overboard with that shine spray or heavy moisturizing serum. If hair is starting to feel heavy due to an overly generous squeeze of styling cream, spray it into trouble spots to soak up some of the damage.

3. Help Bobby Pins Stay In Place:

Add grip to slippery bobby pins or clips that don’t want to secure hair by spritzing them with dry shampoo before popping them in.

4. Prevent Oil Buildup:

Looking to shorten your morning routine? Apply Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo at night before bed to wake up with less oil and grease. (The same goes for heading to the gym—a spray before your workout can cut back on some of the damage control you’ll have to do when class is over.

5. Help Repair and Protect Your Hair:

It sounds counter-intuitive but applying a little dry shampoo on ends that feel dry can take away some of their static and brittleness. “Because Refresh & Go Dry Shampoo is a non-drying formula and has other conditioning ingredients, your ends will feel softer,” says Alders.

With UV ray protection built in, Pureology’s dry shampoo also protects color-treated and natural hair from sun damage —a major bonus during the summer.

To see more hair care and styling tips like how to use dry shampoo and get sneak peeks at new hair product launches, follow @pureology on Instagram!

If you were to enter my bedroom four years ago and rummage in my drawers you would have been SHOCKED. (What? Oh, eek, sorry! Not THOSE drawers! And not shocked like THAT!) What I mean is, if you were to investigate my dressing table, you’d have found evidence of a certain addiction.

I was so afraid of being without this item that I stockpiled it. And I believe it’s not just me.

There is evidence that this addiction impacts many women and that it is reaching epidemic levels in our society. The signs are all there, in any high street pharmacy, huge boards screaming things like “10 for the price of 8!”

The product? Dry shampoo.

You would never have caught me without it. I had huge cans of it scattered in different rooms, and a mini one to fit in my handbag. I loved the stuff. I’d never be caught unawares by an “Oops, it WAS a hairwash day!” realisation.

But my relationship with dry shampoo ran deeper; I loved the volume it bought into my life. It made me happy.

I gave up traditional shampoo 3.5 years ago and discovered that the urban legend that hair begins to care for itself is totally true. But as well as delving into the world of alternative hair washing methods, I began experimenting with all-natural dry shampoo alternatives too.

My addiction to dry shampoo is no more, primarily because giving up shampoo made my hair far, far more voluminous and less inclined to get greasy.

But it is still nice to have some on hand, for those occasional days I have when I wake up with hair a bit on the oily side.

The recipe:

There are lots of alternatives to use – arrowroot powder or corn flour are common “oil absorbers.” But I use rye flour as I like the fact that it is pH balanced. I want to irritate my scalp as little as possible.

If you have light hair you can simply use rye flour straight up. But mine is darker so I colour it with a little cocoa powder.

2 tablespoons of rye flour

1 tablespoon of cocoa

Sift it well – rye flour is chunky – until you have a well mixed, very fine powder.

The experience:

Ideally you will dust your scalp just a little – enough to absorb the worst of the oil, but not enough to dry out your hair completely or to make it look like you’ve just sprinkled flour on your noggin. You could use a cocoa shaker or a big make up brush. I pinch my husband’s shaving brush and it works like a dream.

I brush it on the under layers of my hair, as opposed to straight on top. This way it is barely detectable.

It doesn’t have the ease of use of a spray can, and while it smells yummy, it doesn’t give me that “LIFE IS SUDDENLY A WHOLE LOT BETTER” chemical goodness up my nostrils that I used to buzz out on.

The results:

This homemade version doesn’t bring me the volume that half a can of dry shampoo used to, but my hair has a bounce and a boost, and is not longer flat against my scalp.

It is also still shiny, meaning I got the right balance in absorbing a little of the extra sebum (the wonderful, protective oil our bodies produce to coat our hair shaft, commonly called “grease”) but not wiping it out completely.

For a more detailed look at my “Before” and “After” take a look at my Youtube Video:

Conclusion:

If you are interested in eliminating unnecessary, potentially toxic, ingredients from your life this homemade dry shampoo could be a serious winner for you.

Let me be proof that a life with bouncy hair is possible without drawers full of secrets. You’ll be able to give up your Dry Shampoo Anonymous membership in no time!

Plus, the biggest dry shampoo mistakes to avoid.

Dry shampoo is pretty wonderful. Typically made with a starch component, dry shampoo is used to eliminate and absorb sebum, the scalp’s natural oil that makes hair look greasy after a day (or two, or three) of no washing. “The components of starch absorb the oils to give a grease-free appearance and feel,” which is useful when prolonging your blowouts and keeping hair oil-free between washes, says Gio Bargallo, colorist at Rita Hazan in New York City. ” It can also be used in hairstyling to create volume and body.”

So yes, it’s basically a miracle product — but only when it’s used correctly. Whether you’re using an aerosol spray, powder, or foam dry shampoo, there are some pretty common mistakes we all make that can lead to dandruff-like flakes, ashy roots, and dull and dry hair. If you know how to use dry shampoo correctly, though, it can save you so much time and energy spent hair styling. This is how to use dry shampoo the right way, according to the pros.

Use the right color for your hair.

If you have dark brown hair and use a traditional dry shampoo, you’ll wind up with dull roots and an unflattering white cast to your hair. On the flip-side, if your hair is blonde and you pick a dark shade, you’ll end up with discolored roots. Instead, pick a tone that matches your color most closely. Some tinted formulas can even double to camouflage gray roots in a pinch.

Shake it up.

Before even opening your dry shampoo, shake up the bottle to evenly distribute the formula. The starch in aerosol formulas can settle at the bottom between uses, and shaking it ensure that the formula is well-blended for best results.

Don’t spray too close to your scalp.

On dry hair, “hold the dry shampoo four to six inches away from the head and spray directly at the roots,” says Ardree Merriweather, Lead Educator at Drybar. You can spray up to 12 inches away from the roots, which allows the oil-zapping starch to properly exit and land evenly on greasy roots. When using a powder formula, sprinkle it near your scalp but avoid applying product directly to your part, which can make hair look chalky and prove difficult to remove.

Keep it moving.

“Do not spray continuously in one section,” says Merriweather. If you do, you’ll end up with a spot of product at the roots that’s difficult to disperse. Instead, use a sweeping motion to cover roots in an even, thin layer of product. “Moving back and forth in a swaying motion [ensures] you don’t over-concentrate an area,” says Bargallo.

Only apply dry shampoo where hair is greasiest.

Don’t spray dry shampoo all over your head — just stick to the top couple inches. Chances are that the bottom of your hair isn’t greasy, so applying an oil absorber all over can just make your hair stiff and lackluster. Instead, “identify the parts of your hair that are oily [by] sectioning the hair to expose the scalp and roots,” says Bargallo.

Don’t use too much product.

When your hair is greasy, a good dose of dry shampoo can make it look fresher, but apply too much and your hair will look dull and discolored. “Overusing dry shampoo is a common mistake that can make your hair dry, gritty, and stiff,” says Merriweather. “To avoid these issues, it is best to use a small amount and massage it through the root.” Start with a little spritz dry shampoo, then wait a few minutes, and then add more if you feel like your hair is still too greasy.

Let it sit.

After you spritz on dry shampoo, don’t immediately brush or shake it out. Instead, give the product a chance to work into your hair and really absorb the oil at your roots by letting it sit for a couple minutes before you massage it in and brush or comb it through.

Massage product into the hair.

After letting the product soak into your hair, use your hands to work the dry shampoo into your scalp. If you don’t, it just sits on top of your hair and isn’t able to do its job. Working the product into your hair also helps nix any telltale chalkiness, too. To get rid of white residue, you can use a brush to comb product through or a hair dryer to blast roots and help remove excess product once it’s had time to do its job.

Don’t use it every day.

“You can use too much dry shampoo,” says Bargallo. Despite its name, dry shampoo doesn’t actually clean hair, but rather adds starchy buildup to absorb oils. Bargallo says that using dry shampoo too often can be bad for your hair by clogging your follicles. This weakens hair’s strength, potentially leading to hair loss and skin issues like infections, dermatitis, and acne.

Instead, give your scalp a chance to breathe between washes: Our pros recommend only using dry shampoo one to two times a week. “For really oily hair, you can use dry shampoo two to three times a week,” says Merriweather.

Try using it at night.

GH’s Beauty Director, April Franzino, says that while dry shampoo can be applied any time your hair needs a boost, using it at night plays a big role if its efficacy. “We like using it before bed,” she says. “Hair will absorb it as you sleep and look refreshed in the morning.”

Although dry shampoo can be a savior, it also has a tendency to leave my scalp feeling clogged up and often leads to more hair loss when it’s rinsed out. So in an effort to eliminate clogging of my scalp (and my bathroom cabinet), I tapped clean beauty expert Jana Blankenship to get her insights on how to recreate dry shampoo at home for every hair color (including brown and dark hair). “Instead of aerosol dry shampoos that contain ingredients like synthetic fragrance and butane and are bad for the environment,” says Blankenship, “you can easily whip up a product in your kitchen that will work just as well and is better for your health and the health of the planet.” And the best part of it all? These magic DIY dry shampoo recipes will keep for up to two years. Continue reading to get a DIY dry shampoo recipe that matches your hair color whether you’re dark, light, gray, red, or somewhere in-between.

Meet the Expert

For Dark Brown or Black Hair: Activated Charcoal Dry Shampoo

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For darker shades of brown or black, Blankenship suggests adding activated charcoal powder alongside raw cacao powder to help you hone in on your specific shade. As with all other ingredients in these mixtures, activated charcoal has benefits beyond absorbing excess oils from your scalp and roots. This superpower ingredient for darker strands will cleanse and detoxify. If you’re experiencing any dandruff or redness, activated charcoal may aid in relieving your woes as well as blending this mixture together to appear natural.

Materials

• 1 tbsp activated charcoal powder
• 1/4 cup raw cacao powder (add more or less to match the exact coloring for your hair)
• 1/2 cup arrowroot powder or cornstarch
• 2 tbsp bentonite or kaolin clay
• 1 tbsp baking soda
• 30 drops lavender or lemongrass essential oil
• measuring cup
• small metal funnel
• shaker container, glass or metal lid, or repurposed salt or spice shaker

Instructions

1. Combine all ingredients together in a measuring cup and mix using a whisk or fork.
2. Use a funnel to transfer the mixture into your repurposed shaker or spoon it into a shaker container. Tighten your lid.
3. Sprinkle generously onto your roots as needed.
4. You can rub the mixture in with your fingers or a brush. Another recommendation from Blankenship: use a hair dryer to disperse quickly throughout the hair.

For Red Hair: Cinnamon Dry Shampoo

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Making a DIY dry shampoo for red hair doesn’t equate to using your red hued spices. Most bright red spices are in the pepper family and can cause some irritation at the scalp. Instead, Blankenship offers a more neutral solution: Cinnamon. “Cinnamon powder naturally blends into red hair while masking the color of other ingredients,” she says. Cinnamon has also been rumored to increase blood flow when applied to the scalp which can have a multitude of benefits such as hair growth and hair loss prevention.

Not to worry, this magic ingredient won’t leave you smelling like dessert. “Lavender or Lemongrass essential oils can add a lingering bright scent to hair,” says Blankenship, which explains why she recommends these oils for any hair color DIY dry shampoo. To apply, repurpose an old salt or spice shaker and fill it with a combination of the ingredients listed below.

Materials

• 1/4 cup cinnamon powder (add more or less to match the exact coloring for your hair)
• 1/2 cup arrowroot powder or cornstarch
• 2 tbsp bentonite or kaolin clay
• 1 tbsp baking soda
• 30 drops lavender or lemongrass essential oil
• measuring cup
• small metal funnel
• shaker container, glass or metal lid, or repurposed salt or spice shaker

Instructions

1. Combine all ingredients together in a measuring cup and mix using a whisk or fork.
2. Use a funnel to transfer the mixture into your repurposed shaker, or spoon it into a shaker container. Tighten your lid.
3. Sprinkle generously onto your roots as needed.
4. You can rub the mixture in with your fingers or a brush. Another recommendation from Blankenship: use a hair dryer to help disperse quickly throughout the hair.

For Blonde, White, or Silver Hair: Arrowroot Dry Shampoo

The cornerstone to all of the DIY recipes below is arrowroot powder or cornstarch, which is nearly invisible when applied to lighter hair shades like blonde, white or silver. “Arrowroot powder and cornstarch can absorb oil and add volume while easily blending into the hair,” says Blankenship. No matter how thick or thin your hair is, either one of these two pantry products is sure to get in where needed and get straight down to business.

While it’s nice to simply mask our oily roots, adding Baking Soda is also imperative to ensure good hygiene and scalp health. Baking soda will not only absorb excess oils, but according to Blankenship this magic ingredient will also fight odor and freshen the hair and scalp.

After mixing together the ingredients below, repurpose an old salt or spice shaker to apply.

Materials

• 1/2 cup arrowroot powder or cornstarch
• 2 tbsp bentonite or kaolin clay
• 1 tbsp baking soda
• 30 drops lavender or lemongrass essential oil
• measuring cup
• small metal funnel
• shaker container, glass or metal lid, or repurposed salt or spice shaker

Instructions

1. Combine all ingredients together in a measuring cup and mix using a whisk or fork.
2. Use a funnel to transfer the mixture into your repurposed shaker or spoon it into a shaker container. Tighten your lid.
3. Sprinkle generously onto your roots as needed.
4. You can rub the mixture in with your fingers or a brush. Another recommendation from Blankenship: use a hair dryer to disperse quickly throughout the hair.

For Brown Hair: Cacao Powder Dry Shampoo

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When it comes to finding your exact shade of brunette, Blankenship says turning to organic cacao powder will blend easily into brown hued strands, appearing very natural while still masking the color of any other ingredients. Cacao is also loaded with nutrients like iron and protein that nourish the scalp and hair follicles and promote strong, healthy hair.

Excess oil can appear to be much more visible on darker hair colors, but Blankenship thought of this when creating a DIY dry shampoo recipe for all hair types and colors. She incorporates Bentonite or Kaolin Clay to serve as a mask for any visible grease. “These ingredients can mattify the hair as well as add volume,” she tells us. See her recipe and instructions below.

If you have a rewards credit card and are making a big-item purchase, consider using or redeeming your rewards to help pay for it. Depending on the type of credit card or reward program you’re enrolled in, there may be ways for you to use those points to earn discounts.

How are reward points earned?

Credit card reward points can be earned in the following ways:

• New card member bonus promotions
• Cash back promotions
• Purchases in select categories
• Participating in loyalty programs

What can reward points be redeemed for?

Some options for redeeming credit card reward points include:

Gift cards

Reward programs typically include gift cards as a flexible redemption option. You may find gift card options ranging from restaurants to department stores to entertainment services.

Statement credit

Your reward points can be redeemed as statement credit.

Travel

If you’ve earned points through an airline or hotel credit card, then you might be required to redeem points directly with the brand. Points and cash back earned through traditional credit cards can also be redeemed for travel through select booking websites.

Depending on the card, customers may be able to request their cash back in the form of a check or direct deposit.

How do I redeem reward points?

Reward points can usually be redeemed through your credit card reward portal or mobile app. If you are actively working to earn and accumulate points, don’t forget to check if there are any expiration dates associated with your earned points.

Published: September 19, 2011

Summary

If you’ve had the same card for a few years, happy to be collecting a few hundred points here and there, we have two words for you: Wake up

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Leff, co-founder of frequent flier community Milepoint.com, says credit card rewards have never been better. Maximizing your points is just a matter of paying attention and making the right choices. Do you pay for everything possible with your credit card, including your nanny and your yard guy? Do you look for opportunities to double and triple your points? “It’s free money,” Leff says. “It’s like the banks want you to fly internationally in premium cabins for free.”

We asked Leff and other savvy reward chasers for their favorite — and most creative — tips for racking up credit card rewards. Remember, none of these tricks is worth pursuing unless you pay off your card every month; otherwise, interest charges cancel out any gain.

1. Sign up for four to six cards a year. Competition has really pushed up the value of sign-up bonuses, which are often worth hundreds of dollars, if not more, in points or miles. “I remember I got excited when Chase offered a 20,000-mile bonus,” Leff says. “Now it’s a totally different world. Fifty thousand miles is the new 15,000, and we’re seeing 100,000-mile sign-up bonuses with some regularity. It’s incredible.” With that many miles, you can get two coach tickets to anywhere in Europe, worth several thousand dollars. Many credit card gurus have found that signing up for four to six credit cards a year, and then canceling them once the rewards have been issued, has had only a small impact on their credit scores. Of course, it’s probably not a good idea to do that if you know you’re going to refinance or apply for a big loan like a mortgage soon.

2. Lend money to someone in Kenya. Through Kiva.org, an international micro-lender, you can use your credit card to loan money to a screened applicant from one of 60 countries. The borrower pays you back over time, and Kiva claims a low 1 percent default rate. “You get the points, and you know you’re doing something worthwhile,” says Rick Ingersoll, who blogs about credit card rewards at FrugalTravelGuy.com. “Is it 100 percent guaranteed? No. But I’ve been doing it two and a half years, and I’ve never had a problem.”

3. Transfer money to a friend or family member. Offering to put dinner on your card when you go out with friends is a no-brainer, but you can also use your card to pay friends back by using a payment service such as Amazon Payments, PayPal or Venmo. Some rewards buffs report in travel forums that they take that to the next level, using payment services to regularly pay a family member large amounts and then get reimbursed, just to get the reward points, though some experts say that tactic is questionable.

4. Register your cards at iDine. Register up to five credit cards with this program and you can earn miles or cash for eating out at participating restaurants. Get up to 15 miles or 15 percent cash back per $1 spent, depending how often you eat out and whether you’re willing to fill out surveys about your experience. “This is a really good way to earn rewards with very little effort,” says Gary Steiger, webmaster of Freefrequentflyermiles.com. “Sometimes you don’t even realize the restaurant is included, especially if you’re traveling, and you get points anyway.”

5. Segregate your spending. Some cards give you extra points for gas; others give you a bonus when you use them for groceries or travel. Make sure you’re making a conscious choice about which card to use where. “Everybody should have three or four or five cards in their pocket,” Ingersoll says. At restaurants, use one that pays extra points for dining out, at gas stations, use the one that gives you back more for gas, and so on. “And if you’re buying an airline ticket, use the one that gives you 1 point per purchase plus 1 point for every mile you fly.”

6. Use shopping portals. Never go directly to a store’s website, the experts say. Always check first to see if it’s listed at the shopping portal of the bank, airline or hotel associated with your credit card. If it is, you’ll earn the typical reward for your spending, plus additional points, miles or cash back, depending on the program. Many retailers even ship straight to the store for you so you don’t have to pay shipping. One caveat: Comparison shop before pushing the portal’s “buy” button. Some portals’ prices far exceed the retail value of items, making your extra points very costly.

7. Get reimbursed manually from your flexible spending account. If you pay your medical expenses out of a flexible spending account, don’t use the card they give you, says Daraius Dubash, who blogs about traveling using miles and points at Millionmilesecrets.com. Pay for those expenses with one of the Best Rewards Credit Cards instead, and then manually file for reimbursement. “It’s slightly more time consuming, but the points add up quickly,” says Dubash, who together with his wife has 3.8 million miles.

See related: Getting the most value for your hotel rewards points, How to keep track of all those rewards points, 8 ways to maximize your credit card rewards points, Great credit score means you should reap rewards

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Wells Fargo Go Far Rewards: How to Earn and Use Them

Many or all of the products featured here are from our partners who compensate us. This may influence which products we write about and where and how the product appears on a page. However, this does not influence our evaluations. Our opinions are our own. Here is a list of our partners and here’s how we make money.

If you have an eligible Wells Fargo credit card, you can earn rewards on your purchases in the form of Go Far Rewards points.

Here’s what to know about those points and the rewards program itself.

Go Far Rewards: The basics

You earn Go Far Rewards points by paying for purchases with an eligible Wells Fargo credit card, by shopping through the Wells Fargo online bonus mall (known as the Earn More Mall), or both.

You can access the Go Far Rewards site by logging into your online Wells Fargo bank account, or directly via the Go Far Rewards site itself. You can redeem points for:

Cash back or statement credit

Digital rewards (software, games, etc.)

You’ll also have access to limited-time offers as well as “auctions,” where you can bid on featured items.

Generally, Go Far Rewards points are worth 1 cent each, but see the “How to redeem” section below for exceptions and more information.

Cards that earn Go Far Rewards

Wells Fargo Cash Wise Visa® card

Earn 1.5% cash back on purchases (cash back comes in the form of Go Far Rewards).

Wells Fargo Cash Back College Visa Card

Earn 3% cash back per dollar on gas, grocery and drugstore purchases for the first six months (cash back comes in the form of Go Far Rewards).

Earn 1% cash back per dollar spent on virtually all other purchases.

Wells Fargo Visa Signature® Credit Card

Earn 5 points per dollar on up to $12,500 spent at gas stations, grocery stores and drugstores in the first six months after opening the account.

Earn 1 point per dollar spent on all other purchases.

Points take on 50% more value when redeemed for airfare.

Wells Fargo Rewards® Card

Earn 5 points per dollar on up to $12,500 spent at gas stations, grocery stores and drugstores in the first six months after opening the account.

Earn 1 point per dollar spent on all other purchases.

Wells Fargo Propel World American Express

Earn 3 points per dollar spent directly with airlines.

Earn 2 points per dollar spent on hotel bookings.

Earn 1 point per dollar spent on all other purchases.

Wells Fargo Propel 365 American Express® Card

This card is no longer accepting applications.

How to redeem Go Far Rewards

The Nerds recommend cash back, statement credit and travel as ideal redemption options. Generally, you can count on your points being worth 1 cent each regardless of what you redeem them for — although a notable exception is the Wells Fargo Visa Signature® Credit Card , which offers cardholders boosted value when redeeming points specifically for airfare. (Read the “for travel” bullet below for more on this option.)

For cash back: A big plus with Go Far Rewards is that if you have a Wells Fargo debit or ATM card, you can redeem points for cold, hard cash that you can hold in your hand that day. You’ll just need to find a Wells Fargo ATM. You’ll also need at least 2,000 points first (points redeem this way in $20 increments).

For statement credit: You can redeem by phone or online via the Go Far Rewards portal, but this must be in $25 increments, which can be applied directly toward your Wells Fargo checking, savings or other qualifying Wells Fargo account (or you can request that a paper check be mailed to you). Log into your Go Far Rewards account, hover over “Use your rewards” at the top, select “Redeem to account” and follow the prompts.

For travel: Log into your Go Far Rewards account, hover over “Use your rewards” and select “Travel.” You’ll be taken to a site where you can search for flights, hotels, car rentals, vacation packages and more. As with cash back, points redeemed for travel are generally worth 1 cent each, unless you happen to have the Wells Fargo Visa Signature® Credit Card . With this card, Go Far Rewards take on 50% more value when redeemed for airfare through the Wells Fargo portal, making a point worth 1.5 cents when used this way. That rate increases to 1.75 cents per point if you spend $50,000 or more in a year on this card.

Other redemption options

Gift cards, merchandise, etc.: For any of these options, log into your Go Far Rewards account, hover over “Use your rewards” and navigate to the appropriate category. Gift cards will net you a value of 1 cent per point, although cash will be more flexible than gift cards . When it comes to merchandise, you may find that redemption values can vary when compared to their cost on other websites. In some cases, you might snag a good deal. In other cases, you might be better off taking a cash redemption and buying the item on your own.

The fine print

Go Far Rewards can be pooled with family members or friends who also earn the rewards currency, and they can be gifted to other Wells Fargo customers, assuming that the recipient has a Wells Fargo credit card that earns Go Far Rewards.

However, if you fail to make card payments when they’re due, your rewards account will effectively become suspended. This means you can’t redeem or transfer points, and any points you earn will be “held” until you get current. You’ll lose unredeemed rewards if you close your account.

Also keep in mind: Some Wells Fargo credit cards set no limit on the number of Go Far Rewards points you can earn, and those points don’t expire. But this is not the case for every Wells Fargo credit card, so check your card’s terms and conditions.

Information related to the Wells Fargo Cash Wise Visa® card , the Wells Fargo Cash Back College Visa Card , the Wells Fargo Visa Signature® Credit Card , the Wells Fargo Rewards® Card , the Wells Fargo Propel World American Express and the Wells Fargo Propel 365 American Express® Card has been collected by NerdWallet and has not been reviewed or provided by the issuer of this card.

About the author: Robin is a former credit cards writer for NerdWallet. Her work has been featured by The New York Times, USA Today, Business Insider and other media outlets. Read more

Many or all of the products here are from our partners. We may earn a commission from offers on this page. It’s how we make money. But our editorial integrity ensures our experts’ opinions aren’t influenced by compensation. Terms may apply to offers listed on this page.

If you have a good credit score, it’s smart to think about how to get more value from your credit cards. Credit card rewards are a popular option, as they’re one of the most valuable features card issuers offer. In this guide, you’ll learn everything you need to know to maximize your credit card rewards.

How do I make the most of my rewards credit card?

Maximizing your credit card rewards is achieved through using your rewards card on all your spending and paying the bill in full every month

Here are a few guidelines to make the most of your rewards credit card:

• Use your rewards card for every purchase: You’ll earn rewards whenever you make a purchase with your card. As such, you should use it for all your spending. If you pay with cash or a debit card, you’re leaving potential rewards on the table.
• Don’t overspend to earn more rewards: Some consumers use rewards as a justification to spend more. This isn’t a good idea. Imagine you spend an extra $100 at restaurants this month because your credit card offers 5% back on dining. After that $5 back, you’re still down $95. It’s better to follow your budget and not adjust your spending habits to gain credit card rewards.
• Pay your credit card bill in full: Interest charges can reduce or wipe out the value you get from credit card rewards. Rewards cards also tend to have higher interest rates than other types of credit cards, making this even more of a problem. If you pay your card off every month, you won’t be charged credit card interest.
• Redeem your credit card rewards regularly: Rewards won’t usually increase in value, but they can get less valuable over time. For that reason, it makes sense to use credit card rewards promptly.
• Watch for new credit card options: The best rewards credit cards change often as credit card companies add benefits and launch new cards. Check out the rewards cards that are available every six months to a year. You may find there’s a card available that will work better for you.

To qualify for the rewards cards with the most benefits, you’ll generally need good or excellent credit. If you need help raising your credit score, you can learn how in our credit score guide.

What issuer has the best credit card rewards program?

Chase has the best credit card rewards program because it has several quality travel partners and it offers the best rates when you use points for cash travel bookings.

Chase rewards program

Here’s how you can use Chase Ultimate Rewards points to save big on travel:

• Transfer points to travel partners: Chase has a great roster of airline and hotel partners, including United Airlines, Hyatt Hotels, and Southwest Airlines. You can transfer Chase points to partners to book award airfare or an award hotel stay. Let’s say you want to book a ticket with United for 30,000 miles. You could transfer 30,000 Chase points to United. Those points would become United miles you could use to book the ticket.
• Redeem points with the Ultimate Rewards travel portal: Chase also lets you use points to make cash travel bookings through the Ultimate Rewards portal. Your points are worth $0.0125 each if you have the Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card. They’re worth $0.015 each if you have the Chase Sapphire Reserve®. For example, if you have 10,000 Chase points, you could use that to buy either $125 or $150 in travel, depending on which Chase rewards credit cards you have.

The Chase Ultimate Rewards program ranks at the top, but there are a couple of other great rewards programs you may want to check out.

American Express Membership Rewards

American Express also offers quite a few travel partners in its popular rewards program. You can transfer American Express Membership Rewards points to over 20 different partners. That includes domestic airlines, international airlines, and hotels. The Membership Rewards program provides so many options that American Express rewards credit cards work well if you like to shop around for the best travel rewards deals.

Citi ThankYou Rewards

Citi is another card issuer to consider as you shop for rewards credit cards. It has over a dozen travel partners where you can send your Citi ThankYou points. Most of these travel partners are international airlines. If there are any international frequent flyer programs you like, Citi rewards credit cards could be just what you need.

Bank of America Preferred Rewards

Bank of America rewards credit cards are ideal if you already use its banking or investment services. Through the Bank of America Preferred Rewards program, you can get bonuses of 25% to 75% on all your credit card rewards. To qualify, you need to meet minimum balance requirements that start at $20,000.

Unlike the card issuers above, Bank of America doesn’t offer transfers to travel partners. Instead, it offers cash back rewards and fixed-rate travel redemptions depending on which of its cards you have.

Which is a better option: Cash back or credit card rewards programs?

Credit card rewards programs are generally the better option if you travel multiple times per year. The top rewards programs give you ways to redeem points for a high value when you use them to book travel. Transferring points to travel partners, in particular, is one of the smartest ways to maximize credit card rewards.

Cash back is the better choice if you aren’t a frequent traveler. It’s also the way to go if you want the simpler credit card rewards option. There can be a learning curve to credit card rewards programs as you figure out how to best use your points. With cash back, you don’t need to deal with that. Cash back credit cards are easy to use and can work for anyone.

The Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card offers the best rewards. It earns Chase Ultimate Rewards points, which you can transfer to airline and hotel partners or use to book travel in cash. This Chase credit card also has a big sign-up bonus and a reasonable $95 annual fee.

Points are typically the best type of credit card rewards, because they have the most potential value. This is especially true with Chase, American Express, and Citi points. All three credit card companies allow you to transfer points to travel partners, which can get you more value than any other type of redemption.

To make the most of your rewards credit card, use it for every purchase so you earn as many credit card rewards as you can. Make sure you follow a budget so that you don’t overspend, and pay off your credit card bill in full every month to avoid interest charges.

What is Journal Entry?

A Journal Entry is simply a summary of the debits and credits of the transaction entry to the Journal. Journal entries are important because they allow us to sort our transactions into manageable data.

Consider the following diagram

You’ll notice the above diagram shows the first step as “Source Documents”. Source documents are things such as receipts, invoices, bank statements and credit card statements that are collected during the year so that we have all the information we need when the time comes for us do our accounting/bookkeeping. Obviously, in this tutorial, we won’t be asking you to go out and collect invoices and receipts, so we’ll conveniently “skip” that step for now.

The next step is entering journals. Every time a transaction occurs, it’s recorded using a journal entry.

Example

Everything we do from this point on will be stuff that real accountants and bookkeepers are doing in their offices at this very moment. That means this lesson will be a little more technical than the previous ones. Don’t let that spook you though. You’ll be surprised at how simple it can be! Now would be a good time for us to lay out the steps in the accounting/bookkeeping process:

Imagine having a large stack of receipts and invoices from different shops, suppliers, and customers. All the information you need is there, but it’s useless when it’s all messed up like that! Journal entries help us sort all this into meaningful information.

Here’s what a typical journal entry looks like:

Transaction: Pay an expense of $100.

Journal entry:

Dr	Expense	$100
Cr	Bank	$100

Let’s take a look at what this means.

First of all, Dr and Cr are simply abbreviations for Debit and Credit.

Every single transaction consists of two movements: a debit movement and a credit movement. Be careful not to confuse this with the debit and credit sides. These are two different things.

Debit and credit movements are used in accounting to show increases or decreases in our accounts. Therefore instead of saying there has been an increase or a decrease in an account, we say there has been a debit movement or a credit movement.

For example, in the previous tutorial we learned to show the above transaction like this:

DEBIT SIDE		CREDIT SIDE
Account	Amount	Account	Amount
Expense	+$100
Bank	-$100

Now, instead of showing these as pluses and minuses, we will show them in a journal entry as debit movements and credit movements:

Dr	Expenses	$100
Cr	Bank	$100

The nature of each movement is explained below:

DEBIT SIDE (Assets, Expenses, Drawings)	CREDIT SIDE (Liabilities, Revenue, Owner’s Equity)
Increase	Debit movement	Credit movement
Decrease	Credit movement	Debit movement

Let’s apply this to our example:

When we pay expenses that means our expenses have increased. Also, when we pay expenses, our bank account is obviously going to go down.

So, in summary, we need to record a transaction that will increase expenses and decrease bank.

Referring back to our matrix, we can see that to increase expenses we require a debit movement.

DEBIT SIDE (Assets, Expenses, Drawings)	CREDIT SIDE (Liabilities, Revenue, Owner’s Equity)
Increase	Debit movement	Credit movement
Decrease	Credit movement	Debit movement

We can also see that decreasing our bank requires a credit movement:

DEBIT SIDE (Assets, Expenses, Drawings)	CREDIT SIDE (Liabilities, Revenue, Owner’s Equity)
Increase	Debit movement	Credit movement
Decrease	Credit movement	Debit movement

Now it’s your turn. Have a go at writing journal entries for the transactions we’ve had in the previous lessons. The first one has been done for you.

Do you need a place to express yourself? Do you want to express yourself on different topics? Writing different journal entries can help you put your various thoughts into words. You decide the length and topic of your writing. Let your feelings fly onto different pages. The great thing about journal entries is that they offer you a blank canvas each time you decide to write. No need to pick up where you left off, unless you want to.

So, what exactly are journal entries?

Journal entries are individual pieces of writing that populate your journal. They are expressions of personal growth, interests and opinions. They are usually between 500-1000 words and each entry can be about something different. Journal entries are usually kept private, as that allows people to write honestly.

8 Tips for Writing Journal Entries

Getting started with a journal entry can be difficult, but they can take any form you like, from bible journal entries, to food journal entries, to dream journal entries. Here are some creative ideas to get you started.

1. Write a Letter

Pretend you are writing a letter to someone. The letter will not be sent, so you can say anything you want. Maybe you write things in this letter you were too scared to say in real life. It can be written to a single person or to a group of people. This is a healthy way to get things off your chest and say the things you are truly feeling. This also helps people deal with stress.

2. Write a List

Lists are always easy ways to get started. Think about writing a to-do list of things you want to accomplish over the next year. You can even write a list of things you want to write about in your journal. This can be like a brainstorming session for your writing.

3. Use a Photo

Penzu allows you to add pictures to your journal entries. If you are feeling stuck on what to write, add a picture and write about what it means to you. It can be a picture of a special moment, a special person, a special pet, or a special place. Use this image as a way to inspire you.

4. Describe a Character

Write about a person. It can be a stranger or someone you care about. Sit down and write about that person. It doesn’t matter if it is truth or fiction. You can let your imagination wander and write a story about what you think this person wants, likes, doesn’t like. Let your mind fill in the blanks and create a character in your mind.

5. Write a Poem

Try to write a poem. Think about a significant person and write about how that person makes you feel. Think about a place and how that makes you feel. Try and find emotion in the simple things in life.

6. Write a Dialogue

You can write an imaginary conversation between you and someone else. Or you can write an imaginary conversation between other people. This is a creative exercise that can help you prepare for an upcoming discussion or help you reflect on one that already happened.

7. Write a sprint

Put five minutes on the clock and write as fast as you can about whatever comes to mind. This is about just thinking on your feet and focusing on the task at hand. Let loose whatever ideas are at the front of your mind.

8. Write a memory

Identify a memory you find important, although it doesn’t have to be. It can just be something you think about often. Describe that memory and what it means to you. How does it make you feel? Are you fond of it? Who was involved? Paint a picture for yourself.

The best way to get started with your first journal entry is to download Penzu and begin writing using their software. It is easy-to-use, private and secure. All your posts are dated and saved, so all you need to worry about it what to write. Use this list and get started today!

There’s no time like the present – start your free online journal today!

Loved by millions!

Get access to your diary wherever you are – download the free Penzu app for your all of your iOS and Android devices today!

Journal Basics

Ideas for Journals

A five year journal can help you remember the people and events that matter to you.

Bible journals can provide you with a therapeutic way to better cope with everyday situations, understand your feelings and establish a connection between your life and the biblical content.

Dream journals are instrumental in fields as diverse as psychology, natural science, creative arts and advanced mathematics. What is your subconscious trying to tell you?

Create a collection of adventures, stories, memories, and discovery while you travel. You’ll remember more about your trips and appreciate everything you experienced.

A reflective journal is the perfect place to jot down some of life’s biggest thoughts.

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Home » Lesson Plans » Lesson Plan for Teaching Journal Writing

How to Write a Journal Entry— Journaling plays an important role in the life of a student. Teachers across all grade levels and all subject areas are apt to include journaling as a part of their curriculum, so it’s necessary that elementary students practice journaling as soon as possible. Sometimes, it can be difficult for students to understand the concept of journaling or it can be challenging for them to come up with their own journaling ideas.

We have created a lesson plan that focuses on the concept of journaling and the fundamentals of this art form. Our lesson plan relies on a list of prompts that were created specifically for elementary school students. These writing prompts are adaptable to any classroom, from the kindergarten classroom where students are just beginning to learn the basics of writing and reading to the fifth-grade classroom where students are really discovering how to flesh out their ideas and create complete pieces.

Whether you are a teacher who is working with the youngest learners or a teacher who is hoping to prepare your students for their next step in their educational journey, you can use this lesson plan to introduce journal writing in your classroom.

Our complete lesson plan includes a list of writing prompts as well as a journaling worksheet that you can pass out to all of your students. It’s an all-in-one resource that makes it easy for you to make journaling a part of your classroom experience.

Lesson Plan: How to Write a Journal Entry

Ask the students to gather in the classroom meeting space.

Show them an example of a journal and read a journal entry.

Introduce the list of writing prompts to the students and encourage them to read over the prompts so that they can identify a favorite selection.

Teacher Modeling and Instructional Time (10 Minutes)

Discuss the concept of journaling with students. Ask them if they have ever written a journal entry before. Talk about their favorite writing topics.

Have the students make suggestions for their own journal topics and ideas.

Write a quick journal entry on the board and show them how an illustration can accompany a journal entry.

Guided Practice (10 Minutes)

Pass out the journal writing worksheets to the students.

Pass out the list of prompts.

Remind students to choose their favorite prompt and to draw an illustration to accompany the journal entry.

Independent Working Time (10 Minutes)

As students begin writing their journal entries, walk around the room and monitor their progress. Talk with students about which entry they chose and how they are going to write about that particular prompt. Answer questions as needed.

Consider playing quiet classical music in the background to help students feel both calm and focused as they write.

Remind students as you circulate that they should be incorporating detail into both their writing and their drawings.

Differentiation

To adapt this lesson plan to meet the needs of your own classroom, consider encouraging students to read their journal entries aloud after they have finished writing them. This gives an opportunity for students to receive instant feedback and to experience the peer review process.

For older students, eliminate the illustration process and instead focus on having them write longer, more detailed journal entries.

Review and Assessment (5 Minutes)

Encourage students to share snippets of their journal entries with the class. They may prefer to read what they wrote or they may want to describe the picture that they drew.

Ask questions about the entries and engage in discussion regarding their journal topics. Offer constructive feedback to those who share their work.

Closing (5 Minutes)

In conclusion, provide the students with several extra journal sheets that they can take home. Encourage them to complete at least 2-3 journal entries at home using the list of prompts provided. They should return those completed journal entries back to school within a week in order to receive full credit for the assignment.

Journal Entry Text for Worksheet

Write out the prompt that you wish to use for this journal entry:

Don’t forget to illustrate your journal entry. Draw your illustration here:

Now, it’s time to start writing. Here’s where your journal entry should begin:

Free Printable Journal Pages Compliments of JournalBuddies.com

Click here or on the graphic below for your free printable journal pages.

Until next time, write on…

If you enjoyed this Journal Entry Lesson Plan,
please share it on Facebook, Twitter, and/or Pinterest.
I appreciate it!

” data-medium-file=”https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=300″ data-large-file=”https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=840″ src=”https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=377&h=283″ alt=”IMG_20180612_111535384″ width=”377″ height=”283″ srcset=”https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=377&h=283 377w, https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=754&h=566 754w, https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=150&h=112 150w, https://cariejuettner.files.wordpress.com/2018/07/img_20180612_111535384.jpg?w=300&h=225 300w” sizes=”(max-width: 377px) 100vw, 377px” /> Thinking small now will have a big impact later.

A couple of years ago, I shared my 10 Tips for Keeping a Journal, and today I want to elaborate on Tip #3: Think Small.

As I said in my previous post, “If you wait until you have ‘good stuff’ to write about, your journal may stay closed for months. The truth is, there’s good stuff happening all around us almost every day. Consider this—who’s this journal for? You, right? What will YOU want to look back on in ten years? What you’ll crave are the little things. The tiny little slices of life that you’ve forgotten about. So your job when journaling is to master the mundane.”

It’s true. I’ve been rereading some of my old journals (a favorite summer habit) and want to scream at my college-age self, “Stop babbling about boy troubles, and tell me what’s in your pockets!” (Somewhere, in another universe, college-age me just had a very strange dream.) Really though, there are plenty of pages about my feelings (which are important, yes) but not enough about my world. When I look back on that time, I’m not interested in reliving all my relationship angst. I’d much rather see my former surroundings—where I spent my Thursday afternoons and which t-shirt was my favorite and what I ate for breakfast. Even after college, I still sometimes went through phases of vague melancholy or (worse) vague bliss where I described my deep feelings of unease or contentment without ever really pinpointing where they came from. That’s why I’m thrilled when I stumble upon entries like this one from February 18, 2007:

I am sitting in my purple chair wearing the new jeans I got at Buffalo Exchange tonight (that I love ) with the green sweater that I rescued from the Goodwill bag (that I now really like) and the flip flops from Kelley’s wedding and a black head band wrap. I look totally funky stylin’ (in my not so fashionable opinion).

Note #1: Sweater and flip flops in Austin in February sounds about right.
Note #2: I am such a hoarder of clothes. I used to be SO BAD about putting things in a bag to take to Goodwill and then “rescuing” them a couple of days later, only to wear them once and then send them back to my closet for another year. I’ve learned my lesson. Now I take the bag to Goodwill immediately. Usually.
Note #3: I feel like I was quoting a friend when I used the phrase “funky stylin’” but I don’t remember who. Also, I hope I was being sarcastic.

Or this one from January 31, 2011:

I am sitting in my backyard writing by the light of the campfire I just made for myself (with the help of a firestarter log from HEB). My plan is to sit here and write in my journal and drink some High Life and read Lolita and enjoy the evening for as long as I like, no matter the time. I hear something barking off in the distance– maybe a coyote. Oh, and now I hear the muted but unmistakable caterwauling of Gink…

Note #1: High Life? Seriously? My guess is someone left them at my house.
Note #2: High Life and Lolita is a classy combination.
Note #3: I just Googled January 31, 2011, and it was a Monday, so I was enjoying this late-night campfire on a school night. How scandalous!
Note #4: You have no idea how loud my cat’s caterwauling can be. Someday, when he’s gone, this journal entry will remind me of the crazy sounds he used to make, and it will make me smile.

Those are the kinds of journal entries I can sink my nostalgic teeth into.

So if you’re keeping a journal, and you’re worried that nothing you write is exciting enough, fret not. Some of the most mundane tidbits today may be the lines that give you the biggest smiles ten years from now.

When in doubt, follow these simple instructions:

Download a PDF of this diagram here:
HOW TO WRITE A JOURNAL ENTRY.

Here’s an entry I wrote based on this format, without taking any of the optional tangents:

See? Until the robot swung the baseball bat and uncovered the hidden scorpion, there was nothing earth-shattering about this entry, but someday I’ll be glad I mentioned how Gabby used to insist on laying in my lap, and I’ll probably laugh about how excited I was over my first Roomba when I see what the robots of the future can do.

So give it a try. Grab a favorite pen and find a comfy spot and write something that future you will enjoy reading. Most importantly, have fun.

One last thing: Don’t ever feel like you have to fill up a whole page. Even short entries can have a lasting effect.

Terrible handwriting aside, that’s quite a nice little nugget. 🙂

The video above discusses beliefs students hold about college and demonstrates how those beliefs relate to test performance. Consider how beliefs might also impact a student’s performance on writing assignments.

Develop a 200–400 word journal entry that identifies three beliefs, mentioned in the video or discovered through your own observations, that relate to a student’s ability to write academic essays. Explain how these beliefs might be adjusted through the practice of metacognition to improve writing results.

Worked Example

Journal entry assignments tend to be more flexible than other types of writing assignments in college, and as a result they can be tailored to your own experiences as long as they answer the primary questions asked in the assignment.

One model of a successful entry about this topic can be found below. Feel free to include your own experiences and examples from real life as they pertain to the issue at hand.

Writing in College Journal Entry

Belief: Learning is fast

Related to writing essays, I could see how I could easily fall into this trap of thinking that fast is good. I have such limited time in the day to work on school assignments, that I think that whatever I can manage to get done must be the best possible work that I’m capable of doing. I should allow myself more time, though that’s easier said than done. Even with smaller writing assignments, like this one, if I give myself a day or two to sketch out ideas for what I want to say, and then reflect on it before writing it, I think I’ll do a much better job in the long run.

Belief: I’m really good at multi-tasking

This one is very related to the “learning is fast” idea. Watching the girl in the video do a million things while she’s studying is just like watching my own kids at night! And I’m pretty guilty of this, as well. If I can set aside a quiet part of my night, and just focus on only one assignment at a time, I think I’ll do a lot better with my writing overall. And I’ll be happier with the results.

Belief: Being good at a subject is a matter of inborn talent

This is actually not a belief I personally hold. I always loved to read growing up, and I still do read fiction as much as time allows. But working as a business administrator for the past 15 years has shown me that I’m pretty good with numbers and bookkeeping, too, which I wouldn’t have guessed before this job.

One of my daughters is very drawn towards English and writing, and another struggles with it. They both seem to feel this is a matter of fate. I’m going to share this video with them, because I think there are ways that my daughter who struggles can be empowered to think that she CAN get better at writing, if she just keeps practicing. (This is also something I’m going to do myself…I’m very out of practice with writing for school!)

Bookkeeping Journals

The best way to learn about bookkeeping journals is to look at a variety of different journal entries examples and to practice entering them, which you can do using the journal template in Excel which is free to download, see below.

This Excel workbook has two sheets, one for income and one for expenses.

Download the template and open it. You must Enable the document to be able to enter information to it.

Save it to a folder on your device or filing system somewhere you know you can find it again.

When you open it you will see three sheets:

1. Income Journal Sheet
2. Expense Journal Sheet
3. Data Lists

journal Entries for Income

Here is a business transaction:

On October 15, Wow Plumbers installed a new bath and sink in Mr and Mrs Jackson’s house. The Jacksons paid $1,500.

Below is what the journal result looks like after entering the details of the above transaction.

There are several items of information that change with each and every journal:

• The date – the date the payment was made.
• The details – The two accounts that are affected in the bookkeeping system, in this case the bank account in to which the money was deposited, and the labor and parts accounts where the income is recorded.
• The debit and the credit columns – which should always add up to the same amount.
• A line describing the reason for the journal – in this case the sale to the Jacksons.

Journal Entries for expenses

This journal is based on the following business transaction:-

On October 31, Wow Plumbers paid $350.00 to 101 Office Supplies for paper and ink for the printer.

Below is what the journal result looks like after entering the details of the above transaction.

As with the sales, there are specific items of information that change with every journal.

The headings: Date, Details, Debit, Credit and the ‘Journal ID’.

Journal Entries Example Template Input Sheet

The Excel template has an input section just above the journal results, they look like this:

Data Lists

Both the income and expenses journal practice sheets are linked to the Data Lists sheet.

You can add information to this sheet or change the information currently in there.

Saving the journals

If you want to keep a record of all journals you enter you will need to copy and paste (values only) the journal results into a new sheet after every journal you enter. This template will not do it automatically. Here’s an example:

Basic Accounting Journal Entries

You can download and/or print this list of business transactions and practice entering them into the excel template.

The accounts to use are in red.

You need to make sure you enter the sales transactions into the income sheet.

Enter the purchases transactions into the expenses sheet.

The journal entry examples are here.

The description line is slightly different on the examples.

They say ‘payment to’ instead of ‘purchase from’ as per excel template above but it is fine to use these different phrases which mean the same thing.

A research journal is an important part of any research project. The journal helps the researcher organize and analyze the progress of his project. While there typically is not a specific way a research journal is organized, its content should include information necessary to show the direction of the research as well as the progress made each day toward the end result. A good research journal is written to record the process of the project and to help keep you on target.

Write the names of all researchers, the topic of your research project and the research question or problem on the inside cover of your journal. The topic, for example, might be drug addiction. The question or problem might be the effects of drug addiction on society.

Make an initial entry that summarizes the research and experiments you plan to undertake. You can write in first person. If you’re working with another researcher, make sure that each of you indicates his name on any journal entry for clarification. Write clearly and with as many details as you can. A research journal should be rich in detail, including any experiments you do, dates, times and results.

Finish each daily journal entry with a summary of what was accomplished in the day’s research and how you feel about what you accomplished. If you feel you are heading in the wrong direction, write a couple of suggestions that will take you in a better direction. Include a paragraph or two that explains why your current research will not take you in the direction you need to go. If nothing is accomplished on a day’s research, be sure to note that information. Copious documentation is key to successful journal entries.

Begin each new journal entry with a brief synopsis of the research or experiments that went on the previous day. Brainstorm with yourself on paper. Write down a few random thoughts about your project and make notes about how to put those ideas into motion. Record the day’s events and finish with another summary, adding specific progress you made over the previous day’s work. Conclude with a suggestion or two about where you will go with the next session.